Editing Intramuscular injection (section)

===Site-specific complications===
Injections into the deltoid site in the arm can result in unintentional damage to the [[radial nerve|radial]] and [[axillary nerve]]s. In rare cases when not performed properly, the injection may result in shoulder dysfunction.<ref name="HVI">{{cite journal |last1=Cook |first1=Ian F |title=Best vaccination practice and medically attended injection site events following deltoid intramuscular injection |journal=Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |date=4 May 2015 |volume=11 |issue=5 |pages=1184–1191 |doi=10.1080/21645515.2015.1017694|pmid=25868476 |pmc=4514326 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The most frequent complications of a deltoid injection include pain, redness, and inflammation around the injection site, which are almost always mild and last only a few days at most.<ref name="Vaccine2017">{{cite journal |last1=Martín Arias |first1=L.H. |last2=Sanz Fadrique |first2=R. |last3=Sáinz Gil |first3=M. |last4=Salgueiro-Vazquez |first4=M.E. |title=Risk of bursitis and other injuries and dysfunctions of the shoulder following vaccinations |journal=Vaccine |date=September 2017 |volume=35 |issue=37 |pages=4870–4876 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.055|pmid=28774564 }}</ref>

The dorsogluteal site of injection is associated with a higher risk of skin and tissue trauma, muscle [[Injection fibrosis|fibrosis]] or [[contracture]], [[hematoma]], nerve [[palsy]], [[paralysis]], and infections such as [[abscess]]es and [[gangrene]].<ref name="JBI" /> Furthermore, injection in the gluteal muscle poses a risk for damage to the [[sciatic nerve]], which may cause shooting pain or a sensation of burning. Sciatic nerve damage can also affect a person's ability to move their foot on the affected side, and other parts of the body controlled by the nerve. Damage to the sciatic nerve can be prevented by using the ventrogluteal site instead, and by selecting an appropriate size and length of needle for the injection.<ref name="JIMR2014">{{cite journal |last1=Jung Kim |first1=Hyun |last2=Hyun Park |first2=Sang |title=Sciatic nerve injection injury |journal=Journal of International Medical Research |date=August 2014 |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=887–897 |doi=10.1177/0300060514531924|pmid=24920643 |doi-access=free }}</ref>