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Isar
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==Environmental issues== [[File:Windsurfer Walchensee.jpg|thumb|250px|A windsurfer near the western shores of the Walchensee]] [[File:Laufwasserkraftwerk Muehltal.jpg|thumb|250px|Feed of river power plant Muehltal, south of [[Munich]]. [[Hydroelectricity]] supplied yearly: 70 million kilowatt hours.]] Since the 1920s, the water of the river Isar has been used for the generation of electricity. This has had far-reaching consequences for the local fauna and flora. To provide the 28 hydroelectric power plants with enough water power the river's water is diverted several times and almost the whole river was [[canalized]]. For example, just north of [[Mittenwald]] all the river's water was diverted to the lake [[Walchensee]] in 1923 for the Walchensee hydroelectric plant. Since 1990, a small portion of the water, 4 cubic meters per second (roughly 1,100 U.S. gallons per second) is allowed to remain in the river Isar to prevent [[drought]]. The construction of the [[Sylvenstein Dam]] and numerous regulations relating to the river, pushed through in the early 19th century, have strongly enhanced its character. The construction of the Sylvenstein dam has prevented the river from overflowing its [[Bank (geography)|banks]]. Lately, there have been attempts to bring the Isar river closer back to a natural character. For example, since May 2000 the river is being re-naturalized in the southern part of the river's passage through the city of Munich. The riverbed is being widened, the banks are flattened and small gravel islands are built along with near-natural rock ramps to slow the waterflow. Besides an improved protection against flooding the Isar river was, thus, brought into an almost natural state and this resulted in an improved quality of the recreational area within the city of [[Munich]]. The [[municipal wastewater treatment]] has also been upgraded along the river. The [[water pollution]], however, is still relatively high. Together with other cities and communities along the river Isar, Munich has set a goal to reduce the number of germs. The sewer treatment plants on the upper river are now disinfecting the [[raw sewage]] with [[ultraviolet]]. ===Private environmental initiatives=== [[File:Kernkraftwerk Isar Gesamtansicht.JPG|thumb|right|A view of the nuclear power plant [[PreussenElektra (nuclear energy company)|PreussenElektra]]]] To preserve the beauty of the Isar valley [[Gabriel von Seidl]] founded the ''Isartalverein'' in 1902. This first civil initiative from Munich purchased 90 ha of land, and today maintains more than 330 km of hiking trails.
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