Editing Ja'far al-Sadiq (section)

=== Under the Abbasid rulers ===
The years of transition from the Umayyads to the Abbasids was a period of weak central authority, allowing al-Sadiq to teach freely. Some four thousand scholars are thus reported to have studied under al-Sadiq.{{sfn|Tabatabai|1977|pp=203, 204}}{{sfn|Momen|1985|p=38}}{{sfn|Takim|2004a}} Among these were [[Abū Ḥanīfah|Abu Ḥanifa]] and [[Malik ibn Anas]], founders of the [[Hanafi]] and [[Maliki]] schools of law in Sunni Islam.{{sfn|Adamec|2017|p=224}}{{sfn|Takim|2004a}}{{sfn|Abd-Allah|2013|p=44}}{{sfn|Donaldson|1933|p=132}} [[Wasil ibn Ata]], founder of the [[Mu'tazila]] school of thought, was also among his pupils.{{sfn|Haywood|2022}}{{sfn|Donaldson|1933|p=132}} After their overthrow of the Umayyad Caliphate, the Abbasids violently prosecuted their former Shia allies against the Umayyads.{{sfn|Campo|2009}}{{sfn|Momen|1985|pp=39, 71}}{{sfn|Tabatabai|1977|p=204}} Because they had relied on the public sympathy for the Ahl al-Bayt to attain power,{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=121}} the Abbasids considered al-Sadiq a potential threat to their rule.{{sfn|Campo|2009}}{{sfn|Haywood|2022}} As the leader of the politically quiet branch of the Shia,{{sfn|Taylor|1966|p=98}} he was summoned by [[al-Mansur]] to [[Baghdad]] but was reportedly able to convince the caliph to let him stay in Medina by quoting the hadith, "The man who goes away to make a living will achieve his purpose, but he who sticks to his family will prolong his life."{{sfn|Haywood|2022}}{{sfn|Donaldson|1933|p=131}} Al-Sadiq remained passive in 762 to the failed uprising of his nephew, Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya.{{sfn|Amir-Moezzi|1994|p=65}}{{sfn|Haywood|2022}}{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=121}} Nevertheless, he was arrested and interrogated by al-Mansur and held in [[Samarra]], near Baghdad, before being allowed to return to Medina.{{sfn|Haywood|2022}}{{sfn|Tabatabai|1977|p=204}}{{sfn|Momen|1985|pp=38, 39}}{{sfn|Campo|2009}} His house was burned by order of al-Mansur, though he was unharmed,{{sfn|Donaldson|1933|p=131}} and there are reports of multiple arrests and attempts on his life by the caliph.{{sfn|Momen|1985|p=39}}{{sfn|Tabatabai|1977|p=204}}{{sfn|Taylor|1966|p=99}}