Editing January 3 (section)

===1901–present===
*[[1911]] &ndash; A [[1911 Kebin earthquake|magnitude 7.7 earthquake]] destroys the city of [[Almaty]] in [[Russian Turkestan]].<ref>{{cite book|first1=A.|last1=Landgraf|first2=S.|last2=Kuebler|first3=E.|last3=Hintersberger|first4=S.|last4=Stein|title=Seismicity, Fault Rupture and Earthquake Hazards in Slowly Deforming Regions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-EMEDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA234|date=30 January 2017|publisher=Geological Society of London|isbn=978-1-86239-745-3 |pages=234–}}</ref>
*  1911 &ndash; A [[Siege of Sidney Street|gun battle]] in the [[East End of London]] leaves two dead. It sparked a political row over the involvement of then-[[Home Secretary]] [[Winston Churchill]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Chris|last=Wrigley|title=Winston Churchill: A Biographical Companion|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HBUslUOGOgkC&pg=PA305|year=2002|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-87436-990-8|pages=305}}</ref>
*[[1913]] &ndash; An [[January 1913 Atlantic coast storm|Atlantic coast storm]] sets the lowest confirmed [[barometric pressure]] reading (955.0 mb (28.20 inHg)) for a [[extratropical cyclone|non-tropical system]] in the [[Contiguous United States#CONUS and OCONUS|continental United States]].<ref name=nyt>{{cite web|last1=Staff|title=WIND HITS NEW YORK AT 90 MILES AN HOUR; Freak Storm Is Accompanied by Lowest Barometer Ever Recorded Here.|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B00E5DC163FE633A25757C0A9679C946296D6CF|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=9 January 2016|date=January 4, 1913|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127013212/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B00E5DC163FE633A25757C0A9679C946296D6CF|archive-date=27 January 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
*  1913 &ndash; [[First Balkan War]]: Greece completes its [[Battle of Chios (1912)|capture]] of the eastern Aegean island of [[Chios]], as the last Ottoman forces on the island surrender.<ref>{{cite book | title = Επίτομη Ιστορία των Βαλκανικών Πολέμων 1912-1913 | trans-title = Concise History of the Balkan Wars 1912–1913 | publisher = Hellenic Army General Staff, Army History Directorate | location = Athens | year = 1987 | pages = 125–130 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913 |last=Erickson |first=Edward J. |year=2003 |publisher=Greenwood  |location=Westport, CT |isbn=0-275-97888-5 | pages = 157–158}}</ref>
*[[1920]] &ndash; Over 640 are killed after a [[1920 Xalapa earthquake|magnitude 6.4 earthquake]] strikes the Mexican states Puebla and Veracruz.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Juan José García |title=Xalapa earthquake of 1920 is the second most lethal in the history of Mexico |url=https://formato7.com/2020/01/03/sismo-de-xalapa-de-1920-es-el-segundo-mas-letal-en-la-historia-de-mexico/ |website=Formatosie7e |access-date=17 April 2021 |date=3 January 2020 |archive-date=14 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214085854/https://formato7.com/2020/01/03/sismo-de-xalapa-de-1920-es-el-segundo-mas-letal-en-la-historia-de-mexico/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[1933]] &ndash; [[Minnie D. Craig]] becomes the first woman elected as [[Speaker of the North Dakota House of Representatives]], the first woman to hold a [[Speaker (politics)|Speaker]] position anywhere in the United States.<ref>{{cite book|first=Carole|last=Marsh|title=My First Pocket Guide North Dakota|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QUnTEThDosEC&pg=PA50|date=September 2000|publisher=Gallopade International|isbn=978-0-7933-9923-9|pages=50}}</ref>
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: US flying ace Major [[Pappy Boyington|Greg "Pappy" Boyington]] is shot down in his [[Vought F4U Corsair]] by Captain [[List of World War II aces from Japan|Masajiro Kawato]] flying a [[Mitsubishi A6M Zero]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Pappy Boyington|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pappy-Boyington|website=Britannica.com|access-date=12 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506035048/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pappy-Boyington|archive-date=6 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1946]] &ndash; Popular [[Canadian American]] [[jockey]] [[George Woolf]] suffers a concussion during a freak racing accident; he dies from the injury the following day. The annual [[George Woolf Memorial Jockey Award]] is created to honor him.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Willman|first1=Mike|last2=Anita|first2=Santa|title=Scott Stevens To Receive 2019 George Woolf Memorial Jockey Award|url=https://www.paulickreport.com/news/people/scott-stevens-to-receive-2019-george-woolf-memorial-jockey-award/|website=Paulick Report|date=8 March 2019|access-date=12 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512161243/https://www.paulickreport.com/news/people/scott-stevens-to-receive-2019-george-woolf-memorial-jockey-award/|archive-date=12 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1947]] &ndash; Proceedings of the [[United States Congress|U.S. Congress]] are televised for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|title=Speaker Martin's Television Debut: The House and Television|url=https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/Electronic-Technology/Television/|website=United States House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives|access-date=12 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512161249/https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/Electronic-Technology/Television/|archive-date=12 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1949]] &ndash; The [[Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas]], the [[central bank]] of the [[Philippines]], is established.<ref>{{cite web|title=About the Bank – Overview|url=http://www.bsp.gov.ph/about/overview.asp|website=Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas|access-date=12 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806185919/http://www.bsp.gov.ph/about/overview.asp|archive-date=6 August 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1953]] &ndash; [[Frances P. Bolton]] and her son, [[Oliver P. Bolton|Oliver]] from [[Ohio]], become the first mother and son to serve simultaneously in the U.S. Congress.<ref name="Congress1965">{{cite book|author=United States. Congress|author-link=United States Congress|title=Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=35GzGt_W8eEC&pg=PA3906|year=1965|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|pages=3906–}}</ref>
*[[1956]] &ndash; A fire damages the top part of the [[Eiffel Tower]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Joseph|last=Harriss|title=The Tallest Tower: Eiffel and the Belle Epoque|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R9AYAAAAYAAJ|year=1975|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|isbn=978-0-395-20440-5|page=202}}</ref>
*[[1957]] &ndash; The [[Hamilton Watch Company]] introduces the first [[electric watch]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Technical Bulletin|publisher=Engelhard Industries Division|year=1960|page=117}}</ref>
*[[1958]] &ndash; The [[West Indies Federation]] is formed.<ref>{{cite book|first=Harris M.|last=Lentz|title=Heads of States and Governments Since 1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D6HKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA839|date=4 February 2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-26490-2|pages=839}}</ref>
*[[1959]] &ndash; [[Alaska]] is admitted as the 49th [[U.S. state]].<ref>{{cite book|title=United States Code|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SDFMmcU4KBwC|year=2001|publisher=The Office|page=1132}}</ref>
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Cold War]]: After a series of economic retaliations against one another, the United States severs diplomatic relations with [[Cuba]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Leogrande|first1=William M.|last2=Kornbluh|first2=Peter|title=Back Channel to Cuba: The Hidden History of Negotiations Between Washington and Havana|location=Chapel Hill, N.C.|publisher=The University of North Carolina Press|date=2015|isbn=9781469626604|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zOZjBAAAQBAJ|pages=36–38}}</ref>
*  1961 &ndash; The [[SL-1]] nuclear reactor, near [[Idaho Falls, Idaho]], is destroyed by a [[steam explosion]] in the only reactor incident in the United States to cause immediate fatalities.<ref>{{cite book|last=McKeown|first=William|title=Idaho Falls: The Untold Story of America's First Nuclear Accident|location=Toronto|publisher=ECW Press|date=2003|isbn=9781550225624|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ATkLIZ06YJQC|pages=119–120}}</ref>
*  1961 &ndash; A protest by agricultural workers in [[Baixa de Cassanje]], [[Portuguese Angola]], [[Baixa de Cassanje revolt|turns into a revolt]], opening the [[Angolan War of Independence]], the first of the [[Portuguese Colonial War]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last=Tucker|first=Spencer C.|chapter=Angolan War of Independence (1961-1975)|title=The Cold War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection. Vol. 1: A—D|editor-last=Tucker|editor-first=Spencer C.|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2020|isbn=9781440860751|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBAFEAAAQBAJ|pages=59–60}}</ref>
*  1961 &ndash; [[Aero Flight 311]] crashes into the forest in [[Kvevlax|Kvevlax, Finland]], killing 25 people.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Douglas C-47A-30-DK (DC-3C) OH-LCC Koivulahti|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19610103-0|access-date=25 December 2022|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]|archive-date=10 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710011109/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19610103-0|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Pope John XXIII]] excommunicates [[Fidel Castro]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://the-american-catholic.com/2014/01/03/01031962-pope-john-xxiii-excommunicated-fidel-castro/|title=01/03/1962: Pope John XXIII excommunicated Fidel Castro|date=3 January 2014|work=the-american-catholic.com|access-date=9 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190609093944/https://www.the-american-catholic.com/2014/01/03/01031962-pope-john-xxiii-excommunicated-fidel-castro/|archive-date=9 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1976]] &ndash; The [[International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights]], adopted by the United Nations General Assembly, comes into force.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b36c0.html|title=International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights|website=refworld|access-date=24 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225102947/https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b36c0.html|archive-date=25 February 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1977]] &ndash; [[Apple Computer]] is incorporated.<ref>{{cite web|first=Luke|last=Dormehl|title=Today in Apple history: Apple becomes a corporation|url=https://www.cultofmac.com/460775/today-in-apple-history-apple-becomes-a-corporation/|website=Cult of Mac|date=January 3, 2017|access-date=27 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405175312/https://www.cultofmac.com/460775/today-in-apple-history-apple-becomes-a-corporation/|archive-date=5 April 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Varig Flight 797]] crashes near [[Akouré]] in the [[Ivory Coast]], resulting in 50 deaths.<ref name="Avsaf">{{cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-379C PP-VJK Abidjan-Felix Houphouet Boigny Airport (ABJ) |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19870103-0 |access-date=3 December 2018 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]] |archive-date=20 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320132812/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19870103-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[1990]] &ndash; [[United States invasion of Panama]]: [[Manuel Noriega]], former leader of [[Panama]], surrenders to American forces.<ref>{{cite web|title=Operation Just Cause: Panama|first=Ronald H.|last=Cole|publisher=Joint History Office, Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff|url=http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/history/justcaus.pdf|access-date=27 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217200850/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/history/justcaus.pdf|page=63|archive-date= 17 December 2008|url-status= dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
*[[1992]] &ndash; [[CommutAir Flight 4821]] crashes on approach to [[Adirondack Regional Airport]], in [[Saranac Lake, New York]], killing two people.<ref name="AvSafetyNetwork">{{cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Beechcraft 1900C-1 N55000 Saranac Lake-Adirondack Airport, NY (SLK)|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19920103-0|access-date=July 5, 2009|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]|archive-date=June 25, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110625023913/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19920103-0|url-status=live}}</ref> 
*[[1993]] &ndash; In Moscow, Russia, [[George H. W. Bush]] and [[Boris Yeltsin]] sign the second [[START II|Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty]] (START).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fas.org/nuke/control/start2/|title=START II|work=fas.org|access-date=8 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502053644/https://fas.org/nuke/control/start2/|archive-date=2 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Baikal Airlines Flight 130]] crashes near [[Mamony (Irkutsk district)|Mamoney]], [[Irkutsk]], Russia, resulting in 125 deaths.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19940103-2|title=ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-154M RA-85656 Mamony|last=Ranter|first=Harro|website=aviation-safety.net|access-date=2019-08-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827223652/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19940103-2|archive-date=2019-08-27|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1999]] &ndash; The ''[[Mars Polar Lander]]'' is launched by NASA.<ref name="NSSDCMissionInfo">{{cite web|url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1999-001A|title=Mars Polar Lander|publisher=NASA/National Space Science Data Center|access-date=March 12, 2011|archive-date=April 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428164006/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1999-001A|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]]: Israeli forces seize the Palestinian freighter ''[[Karine A Affair|Karine A]]'' in the [[Red Sea]], finding 50 tons of weapons.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/pressroom/2002/pages/seizing%20of%20the%20palestinian%20weapons%20ship%20karine%20a%20-.aspx|title=Seizing of the Palestinian weapons ship Karine A|date=4 January 2002|website=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs|access-date=2019-05-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530125214/https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/pressroom/2002/pages/seizing%2520of%2520the%2520palestinian%2520weapons%2520ship%2520karine%2520a%2520-.aspx|archive-date=30 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2004]] &ndash; [[Flash Airlines Flight 604]] crashes into the [[Red Sea]], resulting in 148 deaths, making it one of the deadliest aviation accidents in [[Egypt]]ian history.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2004-01-03|title=Red Sea plane crash kills 148|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2004-01-03/red-sea-plane-crash-kills-148/114360|access-date=2021-06-14|website=www.abc.net.au|language=en-AU|archive-date=2022-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307105252/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2004-01-03/red-sea-plane-crash-kills-148/114360|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2009]] &ndash; The first block of the blockchain of the decentralized [[payment system]] [[Bitcoin]], called the ''Genesis block'', is established by the creator of the system, [[Satoshi Nakamoto]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Lea|first=Tim|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fwyxDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA10|title=Down The Rabbit Hole: (Discover The Power of the Blockchain)|date=12 December 2016|publisher=Tim Lea|isbn=978-1-63587-669-7|pages=10}}</ref>
*[[2015]] &ndash; [[Boko Haram]] militants destroy the entire town of [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]] in north-east [[Nigeria]], starting the [[2015 Baga massacre|Baga massacre]] and killing as many as 2,000 people.<ref name=WSJ_1>{{cite news|last1=Hinshaw|first1=Drew|last2=Akingbule|first2=Gbenga|title=Boko Haram Rampages, Slaughters in Northeast Nigeria|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/boko-haram-rampages-slaughters-in-northeast-nigeria-1420816770|access-date=10 January 2015|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=9 January 2015|archive-date=9 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109045021/https://www.wsj.com/articles/boko-haram-rampages-slaughters-in-northeast-nigeria-1420816770|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2016]] &ndash; In response to the execution of [[Nimr al-Nimr]], Iran ends its [[Iran–Saudi Arabia relations|diplomatic relations]] with Saudi Arabia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-35217328|title=Saudi Arabia breaks off ties with Iran after al-Nimr execution|date=4 January 2016|website=BBC|access-date=2 January 2021|archive-date=3 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160103212048/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-35217328|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2018]] &ndash; For the first time in history, all five major storm surge gates in the Netherlands are closed simultaneously in the wake of a storm.<ref>{{cite tweet|author=Rijkswaterstaat|user=Rijkswaterstaat|author-link=Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management|number=948552979703005185|date=3 January 2018|title=#Uniek: Al onze vijf grote stormvloedkeringen sluiten vandaag! Dat is nog nooit eerder voorgekomen. De #Maeslantkering en de #Hartelkering zijn de laatste twee keringen die vanwege de storm en de verhoogde waterstanden dicht gaan. https://t.co/jig5fzCU8K|language=nl|access-date=31 December 2020}}</ref>
*[[2019]] &ndash; [[Chang'e 4]] makes the first soft landing on the [[far side of the Moon]], deploying the Yutu-2 [[lunar rover]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2019/01/05/chinese-rover-begins-exploring-far-side-of-the-moon/|title=Chinese rover begins exploring far side of the moon|last=Clark|first=Stephen|work=Spaceflight Now|date=5 January 2019|access-date=19 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220063314/https://spaceflightnow.com/2019/01/05/chinese-rover-begins-exploring-far-side-of-the-moon/|archive-date=20 February 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2020]] &ndash; Iranian General [[Qasem Soleimani]] is [[2020 Baghdad International Airport airstrike|killed by an American airstrike]] near [[Baghdad International Airport]], igniting global concerns of a potential [[War|armed conflict]].<ref>{{cite news|title=U.S. Strike in Iraq Kills Qassim Suleimani, Commander of Iranian Forces|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/02/world/middleeast/qassem-soleimani-iraq-iran-attack.html|last1=Crowley|first1=Michael|author-link1=Michael Crowley (journalist)|first2=Falih|last2=Hassan|first3=Eric|last3=Schmitt|author-link3=Eric P. Schmitt|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=January 2, 2020|access-date=January 3, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103022034/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/02/world/middleeast/qassem-soleimani-iraq-iran-attack.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2023]] &ndash; Singapore's [[Jurong Bird Park]] permanently closes.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rain fails to dampen spirits on Jurong Bird Park's last day of operations|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/rain-fails-dampen-spirits-jurong-bird-parks-last-day-operations-3180776|website=[[CNA (TV network)|CNA]]|date=January 4, 2023|access-date=January 4, 2023|archive-date=January 4, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230104004922/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/rain-fails-dampen-spirits-jurong-bird-parks-last-day-operations-3180776|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2024]] &ndash; At least 91 people are killed in [[Kerman bombings|bombings]] in [[Kerman, Iran]], during a ceremony commemorating the [[Assassination of Qasem Soleimani|assassination]] of Iranian General [[Qasem Soleimani]] four years earlier.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-06 |title=Death toll in Islamic State-claimed suicide blasts rises to 91 |url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-islamic-state-soleimani-attack-killed-b6f1fee20401e0520fc0c1b7a042a7b2 |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=AP News |language=en |archive-date=2024-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106093100/https://apnews.com/article/iran-islamic-state-soleimani-attack-killed-b6f1fee20401e0520fc0c1b7a042a7b2 |url-status=live }}</ref>