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Jean-Luc Godard
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=== Filmmaking === Having left Paris in the fall of 1952, Godard returned to Switzerland and went to live with his mother in Lausanne. He became friendly with his mother's lover, Jean-Pierre Laubscher, who was a labourer on the [[Grande Dixence Dam]]. Through Laubscher he secured work himself as a construction worker at the Plaz Fleuri work site at the dam. He saw the possibility of making a documentary film about the dam; when his initial contract ended, to prolong his time at the dam, he moved to the post of telephone switchboard operator. While on duty, in April 1954, he put through a call to Laubscher which relayed the fact that Odile Monod, Godard's mother, had died in a scooter accident. Thanks to Swiss friends who lent him a [[35 mm movie film|35 mm]] movie camera, he was able to shoot on 35mm film. He rewrote the commentary that Laubscher had written, and gave his film a rhyming title ''Opération béton'' (''[[Operation Concrete]]''). The company that administered the dam bought the film and used it for publicity purposes.{{sfn|Brody|2008|pp=31–34}} As he continued to work for ''Cahiers'', he made ''[[Une femme coquette]]'' (1955), a 10-minute short, in [[Geneva]]; and in January 1956 he returned to Paris. A plan for a feature film of Goethe's ''[[Elective Affinities]]'' proved too ambitious and came to nothing. Truffaut enlisted his help to work on an idea he had for a film based on the true-crime story of a petty criminal, Michel Portail, who had shot a motorcycle policeman and whose girlfriend had turned him in to the police, but Truffaut failed to interest any producers. Another project with Truffaut, a comedy about a country girl arriving in Paris, was also abandoned.{{sfn|Brody|2008|pp=39–42}} He worked with Rohmer on a planned series of short films centering on the lives of two young women, Charlotte and Véronique; and in the autumn of 1957, [[Pierre Braunberger]] produced the first film in the series, ''[[All the Boys Are Called Patrick]]'', directed by Godard from Rohmer's script. ''[[A Story of Water]]'' (1958) was created largely out of unused footage shot by Truffaut. In 1958, Godard, with a cast that included [[Jean-Paul Belmondo]] and Anne Colette, made his last short before gaining international prominence as a filmmaker, ''[[Charlotte et son Jules]]'', an homage to [[Jean Cocteau]]. The film was shot in Godard's hotel room on the rue de Rennes and apparently reflected something of the 'romantic austerity' of Godard's own life at this time. His Swiss friend Roland Tolmatchoff noted: "In Paris he had a big [[Humphrey Bogart|Bogart]] poster on the wall and nothing else."{{sfn|Brody|2008|p=45}} In December 1958, Godard reported from the Festival of Short Films in [[Tours]] and praised the work of, and became friends with [[Jacques Demy]], [[Jacques Rozier]] and [[Agnès Varda]]—he already knew [[Alain Resnais]] whose entry he praised—but Godard now wanted to make a feature film. He travelled to the [[1959 Cannes Film Festival]] and asked Truffaut to let him use the story on which they had collaborated in 1956, about car thief Michel Portail. He sought money from producer [[Georges de Beauregard]], whom he had met previously while working briefly in the publicity department of [[Twentieth Century Fox]]'s Paris office, and who was also at the Festival. Beauregard could offer his expertise, but was in debt from two productions based on [[Pierre Loti]] stories; hence, financing came instead from a film distributor, René Pignières.{{sfn|Brody|2008|pp=47, 50}}
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