Editing July 1 (section)

===1901–present===
*[[1901]] &ndash; French government enacts its anti-clerical legislation ''Law of Association'' prohibiting the formation of new monastic orders without governmental approval.<ref name="chronicle">{{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Legrand|title=Chronicle of the World|publisher=Ecam Publication|year=1989|page=248|isbn=0-13-133463-8}}</ref>
*[[1903]] &ndash; Start of [[1903 Tour de France|first Tour de France]] bicycle race.
*[[1908]] &ndash; [[SOS]] is adopted as the international [[distress signal]].
*[[1911]] &ndash; Germany dispatches the gunboat {{SMS|Panther|1901|6}} to Morocco, sparking the [[Agadir Crisis]].<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC - History : British History Timeline |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml |website=BBC |access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref>
*[[1915]] &ndash; ''[[Leutnant]]'' [[Kurt Wintgens]] of the then-named German [[German Army (German Empire)|''Deutsches Heer's'']] [[Luftstreitkräfte|''Fliegertruppe'']] army air service achieves [[Kurt Wintgens#First victory using a synchronized gun|the first known aerial victory]] with a [[Synchronization gear|synchronized machine-gun]] armed fighter plane, the [[Fokker E.I|Fokker M.5K/MG]] ''Eindecker''.
*[[1916]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: [[First day on the Somme]]: On the first day of the [[Battle of the Somme]] 19,000 soldiers of the [[British Army]] are killed and 40,000 wounded.
*[[1917]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: Russia launches [[Kerensky offensive|an offensive]] against [[Austria-Hungary]] to capture [[Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Galicia]], its final offensive of the war.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Heenan |first=Louise Erwin |title=Russian Democracy's Fatal Blunder: The Summer Offensive of 1917 |location=New York |publisher=Praeger |year=1987 |pages=109–111 |isbn= 978-0-275-92829-2 }}</ref>
*[[1917]] &ndash; Chinese General [[Zhang Xun]] seizes control of [[Beijing]] and [[Manchu Restoration|restores the monarchy]], installing [[Puyi]], last emperor of the [[Qing dynasty]], to the throne. The restoration is reversed just shy of two weeks later, when [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republican]] troops regain control of the capital.<ref>{{cite book|title=Modern Chinese History Dictionary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7fMwAQAAIAAJ|year=1992|publisher=History of Chinese Communist Party Publishing House|isbn=978-7-80023-476-7}}</ref>
*[[1921]] &ndash; The [[Chinese Communist Party]] is founded by [[Chen Duxiu]] and [[Li Dazhao]], with the help of the Far Eastern Bureau of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union#Name|Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks)]], who seized power in Russia after the 1917 October Revolution, and the Far Eastern Secretariat of the Communist International.
*[[1922]] &ndash; The [[Great Railroad Strike of 1922]] begins in the United States.<ref>{{cite book|last=Davis|first=Colin J.|title=Power at Odds: The 1922 National Railroad Shopmen's Strike|location=Urbana, Ill.|publisher=University of Illinois Press|date=1997|isbn=9780252023125|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=63gRX3UbSfAC|page=64}}</ref>
*[[1923]] &ndash; The [[Parliament of Canada]] suspends all [[History of Chinese immigration to Canada|Chinese immigration]].
*[[1924]] &ndash; The [[National War Memorial (Newfoundland)|National War Memorial]] for the [[Dominion of Newfoundland]] was inaugurated by [[Field Marshall]] [[Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig]] in [[St. John's, Newfoundland]]. The date commemorates the first day of the [[Battle of the Somme]], where at [[Beaumont-Hamel Newfoundland Memorial|Beaumont-Hamel]], 86 percent of the [[Royal Newfoundland Regiment]] was wiped out.<ref name = "Gazette Coverage 1924">
{{cite news
| author        = Gazette Staff
| title         = Earl Haig unveils stature
| work          = The Gazette
| location      = Montreal
| page          = 12
| date          = 2 July 1924
| url           = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-haig-unveils-statue/150453374/ 
| access-date   = 1 July 2024
}}</ref>
*[[1931]] &ndash; [[United Airlines]] begins service (as Boeing Air Transport).
*  1931   &ndash; [[Wiley Post]] and [[Harold Gatty]] become the first people to circumnavigate the globe in a [[Lockheed Vega|single-engined monoplane]] aircraft.
*[[1932]] &ndash; Australia's national broadcaster, the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]], was formed.
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[Regina, Saskatchewan]], police and [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] ambush strikers participating in the [[On-to-Ottawa Trek]].
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[First Battle of El Alamein]].
*  1942   &ndash; The [[Australian Federal Government]] becomes the sole collector of [[income tax in Australia]] as State Income Tax is abolished.
*[[1943]] &ndash; The [[Tokyo City|City of Tokyo]] and the [[Tokyo Prefecture|Prefecture of Tokyo]] are both replaced by the Tokyo Metropolis.
*[[1946]] &ndash; [[Operation Crossroads#Test Able|Crossroads Able]] is the first postwar nuclear weapon test.<ref>{{citation|last=Navy History and Heritage Command|year=2002|title=Operation Crossroads: Fact Sheet|location=Washington, DC|url=http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq76-1.htm|access-date=January 1, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024121304/http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq76-1.htm|archive-date=October 24, 2012}}</ref>
*[[1947]] &ndash; The [[Philippine Air Force]] is established.
*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] (Quaid-i-Azam) inaugurates Pakistan's [[central bank]], the [[State Bank of Pakistan]].
*[[1949]] &ndash; The merger of two princely states of India, [[Cochin]] and [[Travancore]], into the state of [[Thiru-Kochi]] (later re-organized as [[Kerala]]) in the Indian Union ends more than 1,000 years of princely rule by the [[Cochin royal family]].
*[[1957]] &ndash; The [[International Geophysical Year]] begins.
*[[1958]] &ndash; The [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] links [[television]] broadcasting across Canada via [[microwave]].
*  1958   &ndash; Flooding of Canada's [[Saint Lawrence Seaway]] begins.
*[[1959]] &ndash; Specific values for the international [[yard]], [[avoirdupois pound]] and derived units (e.g. inch, mile and [[ounce]]) are adopted after [[International yard and pound|agreement]] between the US, the United Kingdom and other [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] countries.
*[[1960]] &ndash; The [[Trust Territory of Somaliland]] (the former [[Italian Somaliland]]) gains its independence from Italy. Concurrently, it unites as scheduled with the five-day-old [[State of Somaliland]] (the former [[British Somaliland]]) to form the [[Somali Republic]].
*  1960   &ndash; [[Ghana]] becomes a [[republic]] and [[Kwame Nkrumah]] becomes its first [[President of Ghana|President]] as Queen [[Elizabeth II]] ceases to be its [[head of state]].
*[[1962]] &ndash; Independence of [[Rwanda]] and [[Burundi]].
*[[1963]] &ndash; [[ZIP code]]s are introduced for [[United States Postal Service|United States mail]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Janeczko|first=Paul B.|title=Top Secret: A Handbook of Codes, Ciphers, and Secret Writing|location=Cambridge, Mass.|publisher=Candlewick Press|date=2004|isbn=9780763629724|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_HjRUYwJ1moC|page=8}}</ref>
*  1963   &ndash; The British Government admits that former diplomat [[Kim Philby]] had worked as a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Espionage|agent]].
*[[1966]] &ndash; The first [[color television]] transmission in Canada takes place from Toronto.
*1966 – The [[People's Liberation Army Rocket Force]] (The known as the 2nd Artillery Corps) is founded.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-02 |title=火箭军的前世今生 |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/mil/2016-01/02/c_128589285.htm |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=Xinhua}}</ref>
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Merger Treaty]]: The [[European Community]] is formally created out of a merger between the [[Common Market]], the [[European Coal and Steel Community]], and the [[Euratom|European Atomic Energy Commission]].
*[[1968]] &ndash; The United States [[Central Intelligence Agency]]'s [[Phoenix Program]] is officially established.
*  1968   &ndash; The [[Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons]] is signed in [[Washington, D.C.]], [[London]] and [[Moscow]] by sixty-two countries.
*  1968   &ndash; Formal separation of the [[United Auto Workers]] from the [[AFL–CIO]] in the United States.
*[[1972]] &ndash; The first [[Gay pride]] march in [[Pride London|England]] takes place.
*[[1976]] &ndash; Portugal grants autonomy to [[Madeira]].
*[[1978]] &ndash; The [[Northern Territory]] in Australia is granted self-government.
*[[1979]] &ndash; [[Sony]] introduces the [[Walkman]].
*[[1980]] &ndash; "[[O Canada]]" officially becomes the [[national anthem]] of Canada.
*[[1983]] &ndash; A [[North Korea]]n [[Ilyushin Il-62|Ilyushin Il-62M]] jet en route to [[Conakry Airport]] in [[Guinea]] [[1983 CAAK Ilyushin Il-62 crash|crashes]] into the [[Fouta Djallon]] mountains in [[Guinea-Bissau]], killing all 23 people on board.
*[[1983]] &ndash; The [[Ministry of State Security (China)|Ministry of State Security]] is established as China's principal [[intelligence agency]]<ref name=":13">{{cite book |last1=Mattis |first1=Peter |title=Chinese Communist Espionage: An Intelligence Primer |last2=Brazil |first2=Matthew |date=2019-11-15 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |isbn=978-1-68247-304-7 |language=en-US |oclc=1117319580}}</ref>
*[[1984]] &ndash; The [[Motion Picture Association film rating system|PG-13]] rating is introduced by the [[Motion Picture Association|MPAA]].
*[[1987]] &ndash; The American radio station [[WFAN (AM)|WFAN]] in New York City is launched as the world's first [[sports radio|all-sports radio]] station.
*[[1990]] &ndash; [[German reunification]]: [[East Germany]] accepts the [[Deutsche Mark]] as its currency, thus uniting the economies of East and West Germany.
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Cold War]]: The [[Warsaw Pact]] is officially dissolved at a meeting in [[Prague]].
*  1991   &ndash; The Finnish operator [[Radiolinja]] is launched as the world's first [[GSM|GSM network]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Anton A.|last=Huurdeman|title=The Worldwide History of Telecommunications|page=529|publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2003}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=86&t=586&a=5126 |title= Maailman ensimmäinen GSM-puhelu |trans-title= World's first GSM call |date= 22 February 2008 |work= yle.fi |publisher= Yelisradio OY |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110706064231/http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=86&t=586&a=5126 |archivedate= 6 July 2011 |accessdate= 5 May 2011 |quote= Harri Holkeri made the first call on the Radiolinja (Elisa's subsidiary) network, at the opening ceremony in Helsinki on 07.01.1991. |url-status= dead}}</ref>
*[[1997]] &ndash; China [[Handover of Hong Kong|resumes sovereignty]] over the city-state of Hong Kong, ending 156 years of British [[colonialism|colonial]] rule. The handover ceremony is attended by British Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]], [[Charles III of the United Kingdom|Charles, Prince of Wales]], Chinese President [[Jiang Zemin]] and U.S. Secretary of State [[Madeleine Albright]].
*1997   &ndash; [[Space Shuttle program]]: [[Space Shuttle Columbia|Space Shuttle ''Columbia'']] is launched on [[STS-94]], a re-flight of the prematurely-ended [[STS-83]] mission with the same crew.<ref>{{Cite web |title=STS-94 |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission/sts-94/ |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=NASA}}</ref>
*[[1999]] &ndash; The [[Scottish Parliament]] is officially opened by [[Elizabeth II]] on the day that legislative powers are officially transferred from the old [[Scottish Office]] in London to the new devolved [[Scottish Executive]] in [[Edinburgh]]. In Wales, the powers of the [[Secretary of State for Wales|Welsh Secretary]] are transferred to the [[National Assembly for Wales|National Assembly]].
*[[2002]] &ndash; The [[International Criminal Court]] is established to prosecute individuals for [[genocide]], [[crimes against humanity]], [[war crime]]s and the [[crime of aggression]].
*  2002   &ndash; Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937, a [[Tupolev Tu-154]], and DHL Flight 611, a [[Boeing 757]], [[2002 Überlingen mid-air collision|collide in mid-air]] over [[Überlingen]], southern Germany, killing all 71 on board both planes.
*[[2003]] &ndash; Over 500,000 people protest against efforts to pass [[Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23|anti-sedition legislation]] in Hong Kong.
*[[2004]] &ndash; [[Saturn]] [[orbit insertion]] of [[Cassini–Huygens]] begins at 01:12 [[UTC]] and ends at 02:48 UTC.
*[[2006]] &ndash; The first operation of [[Qinghai–Tibet railway|Qinghai–Tibet Railway]] is conducted in China.
*[[2007]] &ndash; Smoking in England is [[Smoking bans in the United Kingdom|banned]] in all public indoor spaces.
*[[2008]] &ndash; [[2008 riot in Mongolia|Riots erupt in Mongolia]] in response to allegations of fraud surrounding the 2008 legislative elections.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Yardley |first=Jim |date=2008-07-03 |title=Mongolia Enforces Martial Law in Capital Amid Political Unrest |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/03/world/asia/03mongolia.html |access-date=2022-09-10 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*[[2013]] &ndash; [[Croatia]] becomes the [[2013 enlargement of the European Union|28th member]] of the [[European Union]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bilefsky |first=Dan |date=2013-07-01 |title=Joyous Croatia Joins Europe Amid a Crisis |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/02/world/europe/croatia-joins-european-union.html |access-date=2022-09-10 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*[[2020]] &ndash; The [[United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement]] replaces NAFTA.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ustr.gov/about-us/policy-offices/press-office/press-releases/2020/april/usmca-enter-force-july-1-after-united-states-takes-final-procedural-steps-implementation|website=ustr.gov| title=USMCA To Enter Into Force July 1 After United States Takes Final Procedural Steps For Implementation|date=April 24, 2020|access-date=April 26, 2020}}</ref>
*[[2024]] &ndash; At the centennial ceremony of the [[National War Memorial (Newfoundland)|Dominion of Newfoundland National War Memorial]], the [[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]] allowed an unprecedented second Canadian Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. The [[Royal Newfoundland Regiment]] solder was entombed in the memorial at this ceremony.<ref name = CBC2024>{{Cite news
| last1          = Moore
| first1         = Mike
| last2          = Whitten
| first2         = Elizabeth
| title          = Under grey skies and rain, N.L. entombs its Unknown Soldier in solemn ceremony at war memorial
| work           = [[CBC News]]
| publisher      = [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]
| location       = Toronto/St. John's
| date           = 1 July 2024
| url            = https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/newfoundland-memorial-day-2024-1.7249823 
| access-date    = 1 July 2024
| archive-url    = https://web.archive.org/web/20240701082056/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/newfoundland-memorial-day-2024-1.7249823 
| archive-date   = 1 July 2024 
| url-status     = live 
}}</ref>