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===1901–present=== *[[1901]] – [[William Howard Taft]] becomes American governor of the Philippines. *[[1903]] – The [[Philippine–American War]] is officially concluded. *[[1910]] – The [[Johnson–Jeffries riots]] occur after African-American boxer Jack Johnson knocks out white boxer Jim Jeffries in the 15th round. Between 11 and 26 people are killed and hundreds more injured. *[[1911]] – A [[1911 Eastern North America heat wave|massive heat wave]] strikes the northeastern United States, killing 380 people in eleven days and breaking temperature records in several cities. *[[1913]] – [[President of the United States|President]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] addresses [[American Civil War]] veterans at the [[Great Reunion of 1913]]. *[[1914]] – The funeral of [[Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria|Archduke Franz Ferdinand]] and his wife [[Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg|Sophie]] takes place in [[Vienna]], six days after their assassinations in [[Sarajevo]]. *[[1918]] – [[Mehmed V]] died at the age of 73 and [[Ottoman sultan]] [[Mehmed VI]] ascends to the throne. * 1918 – [[World War I]]: The [[Battle of Hamel]], a successful attack by the [[Australian Corps]] against German positions near the town of [[Le Hamel, Somme|Le Hamel]] on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]. *[[1927]] – First flight of the [[Lockheed Vega]]. *[[1939]] – [[Lou Gehrig]], recently diagnosed with [[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]], informs a crowd at [[Yankee Stadium (1923)|Yankee Stadium]] that he considers himself "The luckiest man on the face of the earth", then announces his retirement from major league [[baseball]]. *[[1941]] – [[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation]]: [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] troops [[Massacre of Lwów professors|massacre Polish scientists and writers]] in the captured [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Ukrainian]] city of [[Lviv]]. * 1941 – [[World War II]]: The [[Burning of the Riga synagogues]]: The Great Choral Synagogue in German-occupied [[Riga]] is burnt with 300 Jews locked in the basement. *[[1942]] – World War II: The 250-day [[Siege of Sevastopol (1941–42)|Siege of Sevastopol]] in the [[Crimea]] ends when the city falls to [[Axis powers|Axis]] forces. *[[1943]] – World War II: The [[Battle of Kursk]], the largest full-scale battle in history and the world's largest tank battle, begins in the village of [[Prokhorovka]]. * 1943 – World War II: In [[Gibraltar]], a [[Royal Air Force]] [[Consolidated B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] bomber [[1943 Gibraltar Liberator AL523 crash|crashes]] into the sea in an apparent accident moments after takeoff, killing sixteen passengers on board, including general [[Władysław Sikorski]], the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and the Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile; only the pilot survives. *[[1946]] – The [[Kielce pogrom]] against Jewish Holocaust survivors in Poland. * 1946 – After 381 years of near-continuous colonial rule by various powers, the [[Philippines]] attains full independence from the United States. *[[1947]] – The "Indian Independence Bill" is presented before the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]], proposing the independence of the [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|Provinces of British India]] into two sovereign countries: India and [[Dominion of Pakistan|Pakistan]]. *[[1950]] – [[Cold War]]: [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|Radio Free Europe]] first broadcasts. *[[1951]] – Cold War: A court in [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|Czechoslovakia]] sentences American journalist [[William N. Oatis]] to ten years in prison on charges of [[espionage]]. * 1951 – [[William Shockley]] announces the invention of the [[Bipolar junction transistor|junction transistor]]. *[[1954]] – [[Rationing in the United Kingdom|Food rationing in Great Britain]] ends, with the lifting of restrictions on sale and purchase of meat, 14 years after it began early in [[World War II]], and nearly a decade after the war's end. *[[1960]] – Due to the post-Independence Day admission of Hawaii as the 50th [[U.S. state]] on [[August 21]], 1959, the 50-star [[flag of the United States]] debuts in [[Philadelphia]], almost ten and a half months later (see [[Flag Acts (United States)]]). *[[1961]] – On its maiden voyage, the Soviet nuclear-powered submarine [[Soviet submarine K-19|''K-19'']] suffers a complete loss of coolant to its reactor. The crew are able to effect repairs, but 22 of them die of [[radiation poisoning]] over the following two years. *[[1966]] – U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] signs the [[Freedom of Information Act (United States)|Freedom of Information Act]] into United States law. The act went into effect the next year. *[[1976]] – [[Israel Defense Forces|Israeli commandos]] [[Entebbe raid|raid Entebbe]] airport in [[Uganda]], rescuing all but four of the passengers and crew of an [[Air France]] jetliner seized by Palestinian terrorists. *[[1977]] – The [[George Jackson Brigade]] plants a bomb at the main power substation for the [[Washington (state)|Washington]] state capitol in [[Olympia, Washington|Olympia]], in solidarity with a prison strike at the [[Walla Walla State Penitentiary]] Intensive Security Unit. *[[1982]] – Three Iranian diplomats and a journalist are [[Iranian diplomats kidnapping (1982)|kidnapped in Lebanon]] by [[Kataeb Party|Phalange forces]], and their fate remains unknown. *1982 – [[Space Shuttle program]]: ''[[Space Shuttle Columbia|Columbia]]'' lands at [[Edwards Air Force Base]] at the end of the program's final test flight, [[STS-4]]. President [[Ronald Reagan]] declares the Space Shuttle to be operational.<ref name="owastwrd">{{cite news |date=July 5, 1982 |title=Shuttle test: 'Outstanding' was the word |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QflLAAAAIBAJ&pg=6186%2C1692654 |newspaper=The Spokesman-Review |location=Spokane, Washington |page=1 |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> *[[1994]] – [[Rwandan genocide]]: [[Kigali]], the Rwandan capital, is captured by the [[Rwandan Patriotic Front]], ending the genocide in the city. *[[1997]] – [[NASA]]'s [[Mars Pathfinder|Pathfinder]] space probe lands on the surface of [[Mars]]. *[[1998]] – Japan launches the [[Nozomi (spacecraft)|Nozomi]] probe to [[Mars]], joining the United States and Russia as a [[outer space|space]] exploring nation. *[[2001]] – [[Vladivostok Air Flight 352]] crashes on approach to [[International Airport Irkutsk|Irkutsk Airport]] killing all 145 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-154M RA-85845 Burdakovka|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20010704-0|access-date=2019-07-03|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref> *[[2002]] – A [[Boeing 707]] [[2002 Prestige Airlines Boeing 707 crash|crashes]] near [[Bangui M'Poko International Airport]] in [[Bangui]], [[Central African Republic]], killing 28.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-123B 9XR-IS Bangui|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20020704-0|access-date=2021-07-03|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref> *[[2004]] – The cornerstone of the [[One World Trade Center|Freedom Tower]] is laid on the [[World Trade Center site]] in New York City. * 2004 – [[Greece national football team|Greece]] beats [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]] in the [[UEFA Euro 2004 Final]] and becomes European Champion for first time in its history. *[[2005]] – The [[Deep Impact (spacecraft)|Deep Impact]] collider hits the [[comet]] [[Tempel 1]]. *[[2006]] – [[Space Shuttle program]]: ''[[OV-103|Discovery]]'' launches [[STS-121]] to the [[International Space Station]]. The event gained wide media attention as it was the only shuttle launch in the program's history to occur on the United States' [[Independence Day (United States)|Independence Day]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/launch/sts-121/index.html|title=NASA - STS-121 Launch and Landing|first=Jim|last=Wilson|website=www.nasa.gov}}</ref> *[[2008]] – A [[2008 Minsk bombing|bomb explodes]] at a concert in [[Independence Square, Minsk|Minsk's Independence Square]], injuring 50 people.<ref name="jamestown">{{Cite web |title=ASSESSING THE TERRORIST EXPLOSION IN MINSK |url=https://jamestown.org/program/assessing-the-terrorist-explosion-in-minsk/ |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=Jamestown |language=en-US}}</ref> *[[2009]] – The [[Statue of Liberty]]'s crown reopens to the public after eight years of closure due to security concerns following the [[September 11 attacks]]. * 2009 – The first of [[2009 Mindanao bombings|four days of bombings]] begins on the southern [[Philippines|Philippine]] island group of [[Mindanao]]. *[[2012]] – The discovery of particles consistent with the [[Higgs boson]] at the [[Large Hadron Collider]] is announced at [[CERN]]. *[[2015]] – Chile claims its first title in international [[Association football|football]] by defeating Argentina in the [[2015 Copa América]] Final. *[[2024]] – The [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], led by [[Keir Starmer]], wins a [[landslide victory|landslide majority]] in the [[2024 United Kingdom general election]], ending 14 years of [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] government.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/cn09xn9je7lt|title='We did it,' says Starmer as Labour wins landslide in general election|website=BBC News|date=5 July 2024|access-date=5 July 2024}}</ref>
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