Editing Keyboard shortcut (section)

=== Reserved Keyboard Shortcuts ===
The original Macintosh [[User Interface Guidelines]] defined a set of keyboard shortcuts that would remain consistent across application programs.<ref>{{cite book |url=http://interface.free.fr/Archives/Apple_HIGuidelines.pdf#page=152 |title=Macintosh Human Interface Guidelines |page=128 |last=Apple |author-link=Apple Inc. |location=Reading, Massachusetts |publisher=Addison-Wesley| isbn=0-201-62216-5 |date=November 1992}}</ref> This provides a better [[user experience]] than the then-prevalent situation of applications using the same keys for different functions. This could result in [[user error]]s if one program used {{keypress|[[Command key|⌘ Command]]|D}} to mean ''Delete'' while another used it to ''Duplicate'' an item. The standard bindings were:
* {{key press|⌘ Q}} : [[exit (system call)|'''Q'''uit]]
* {{key press|⌘ W}} : Close [[window (computing)|'''W'''indow]]
* {{key press|⌘ B}} : [[boldface|'''B'''old]] text
* {{key press|⌘ I}} : [[italic type|'''I'''talicize]] text
* {{key press|⌘ U}} : [[underline|'''U'''nderline]] text
* {{key press|⌘ O}} : [[File operation|'''O'''pen]]
* {{key press|⌘ P}} : [[Printing|'''P'''rint]]
* {{key press|⌘ A}} : [[Selection (user interface)|Select]] '''A'''ll
* {{key press|⌘ S}} : [[Persistence (computer science)|'''S'''ave]]
* {{key press|⌘ F}} : [[text searching|'''F'''ind]]
* {{key press|⌘ G}} : Find A'''g'''ain (the G key is next to the F key on a [[QWERTY]] keyboard)
* {{key press|⌘ E}} : '''E'''nter search string from selection (allowed searching a document by selecting text and typing {{key press|⌘ E}}{{key press|⌘ G}} ([[e.g.|exempli gratia]])
* {{key press|⌘ Z}} : [[Undo]] (represents the do-undo-redo cycle)
* {{key press|⌘ X}} : [[Cut, copy, and paste|Cut]] (resembles scissors or a general sign for removal – and the X key is next to the C key on a QWERTY keyboard)
* {{key press|⌘ C}} : [[Copy and paste|'''C'''opy]]
* {{key press|⌘ V}} : [[Copy and paste|Paste]] (resembles the proofreader's mark for "insert" – and the V key is next to the C key on a QWERTY keyboard)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://studylib.net/doc/16057899/past-to-future--various-undo-models--interaction-historie|title=Larry Tesler email Past to Future: Various Undo Models, Interaction Histories, and Macro Recording Lecture 21}}</ref>
* {{key press|⌘ N}} : '''N'''ew [[Electronic document|Document]]
* {{key press|⌘ .}} ([[full stop]]): [[Abort (computing)|User interrupt]]<ref group="notes" name="cancelOperation"/>, it can be used to close dialogs, search bars, and context menus.
* {{key press|⌘ ?}} : [[Help (command)|Help]] ([[?]] signifies a question or confusion)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/question|title=Definition of QUESTION|website=www.merriam-webster.com}}</ref>

Later environments such as Microsoft Windows retain some of these bindings, while adding their own from alternate standards like [[Common User Access]]. The shortcuts on these platforms (or on [[macOS]]) are not as strictly standardized across applications as on the early Macintosh user interface, where if a program did not include the function normally carried out by one of the standard keystrokes, guidelines stated that it should not redefine the key to do something else as it would potentially confuse users.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/AppleHIGuidelines/KeyboardShortcuts/KeyboardShortcuts.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40002725-CHDIGFBH|title=OS X Human Interface Guidelines|quote=If your app does not perform the task associated with a recommended shortcut, think very carefully before you consider overriding it. Remember that although reassigning an unused shortcut might make sense in your app, your users are likely to know and expect the original, established meaning.}}</ref>