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Khmer script
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=== Supplementary consonants === The Khmer writing system includes supplementary consonants, used in certain [[loanword]]s, particularly from [[French language|French]] and [[Thai language|Thai]]. These mostly represent sounds which do not occur in native words, or for which the native letters are restricted to one of the two vowel series. Most of them are [[digraph (orthography)|digraph]]s, formed by stacking a subscript under the letter {{lang|km|ហ}} {{transliteration|km|hâ}}, with an additional ''treisăpt'' [[#Diacritics|diacritic]] if required to change the inherent vowel to ''ô''. The character for ''pâ'', however, is formed by placing the ''musĕkâtônd'' ("mouse teeth") diacritic over the character {{lang|km|ប}} {{transliteration|km|bâ}}. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" ! rowspan="2" | Supplementary <br/>consonant ! rowspan="2" | Description ! colspan="4" | Full value (with inherent vowel) ! colspan="4" | Consonant value ! rowspan="2" | Notes |- ! [[Romanization of Khmer#UNGEGN|UNGEGN]] ! [[Romanization of Khmer#Geographic Department|GD]] ! [[Romanization of Khmer#ALA-LC Romanization Tables|ALA-LC]] ! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] ! [[Romanization of Khmer#UNGEGN|UNGEGN]] ! [[Romanization of Khmer#Geographic Department|GD]] ! [[Romanization of Khmer#ALA-LC Romanization Tables|ALA-LC]] ! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្គ}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''kô'' | {{lang|km-Latn|hkâ}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hka}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hga}} | {{IPA|[ɡɑː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hk}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hk}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hg}} | {{IPA|[ɡ]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|ហ្គាស}} {{transliteration|km|hkas}} {{IPA|[ɡaːh]}} ('gas'; from French {{lang|fr|gaz}}) |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្គ៊}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''kô'' + diacritic | {{lang|km-Latn|hkô}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hko}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hg′a}} | {{IPA|[ɡɔː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hk}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hk}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hg′}} | {{IPA|[ɡ]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|ហ្គ៊ារ}} {{transliteration|km|hkéar}} {{IPA|[giə]}} ('train station'; from French {{lang|fr|gare}}) |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្ន}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''nô'' | {{lang|km-Latn|hnâ}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hna}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hna}} | {{IPA|[nɑː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hn}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hn}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hn}} | {{IPA|[n]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|ហ្នាំង}}/{{lang|km|ហ្ន័ង}} {{transliteration|km|hnăng}} {{IPA|[naŋ]}} ('shadow play' from Thai {{lang|th|หนัง}} {{transliteration|th|nǎng}}) |- | <big>{{lang|km|ប៉}}</big> | ''bâ'' + diacritic | {{lang|km-Latn|pâ}} | {{lang|km-Latn|pa}} | {{lang|km-Latn|p′′a}} | {{IPA|[pɑː]}} | {{transliteration|km|p}} | {{transliteration|km|p}} | {{transliteration|km|p′′}} | {{IPA|[p]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|ប៉ាក់}} {{transliteration|km|păk}} {{IPA|[pak]}} ('to embroider'), {{lang|km|ប៉័ង}} {{transliteration|km|păng}} {{IPA|[paŋ]}} ('bread'; from French {{lang|fr|pain}}) |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្ម}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''mô'' | {{lang|km-Latn|hmâ}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hma}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hma}} | {{IPA|[mɑː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hm}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hm}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hm}} | {{IPA|[m]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|គ្រូហ្ម}} {{transliteration|km|kru hmâ}} {{IPA|[kruː mɑː]}} ('shaman'; from Thai {{lang|th|หมอ}} {{transliteration|th|mɔ̌ɔ}}) |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្ល}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''lô'' | {{lang|km-Latn|hlâ}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hla}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hla}} | {{IPA|[lɑː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hl}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hl}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hl}} | {{IPA|[l]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|ហ្លួង}} {{transliteration|km|hluŏng}} {{IPA|[luəŋ]}} ('king'; from Thai {{lang|th|หลวง}} {{transliteration|th|lǔuang}}) |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្វ}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''vô'' | {{lang|km-Latn|hvâ}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hva}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hva}} | {{IPA|[fɑː], [ʋɑː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hv}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hv}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hv}} | {{IPA|[f], [ʋ]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Pronounced {{IPA|[ʋ]}} in {{lang|km|ហ្វង់}} {{transliteration|km|hváng}} {{IPA|[ʋɑŋ]}} ('clear'), {{IPA|[f]}} in {{lang|km|កាហ្វេ}} {{transliteration|km|kahvé}} {{IPA|[kaːfeː]}} ('coffee'; from French {{lang|fr|café}}) |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្វ៊}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''vô'' + diacritic | {{lang|km-Latn|hvô}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hvo}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hv′a}} | {{IPA|[fɔː], [ʋɔː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hv}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hv}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hv′}} | {{IPA|[f], [ʋ]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|ហ្វ៊ីល}} {{transliteration|km|hvil}} {{IPA|[fiːl]}} ('film'; from French {{lang|fr|film}}) |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្ស}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''sâ'' | {{lang|km-Latn|hsâ}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hsa}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hsa}} | {{IPA|[zɑː], [ʒɑː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hs}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hs}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hs}} | {{IPA|[z], [ʒ]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|ហ្សាស}} {{transliteration|km|hsas}} {{IPA|[ʒaːh]}} ('jazz'; from French {{lang|fr|jazz}}), {{lang|km|ភីហ្សា}} {{transliteration|km|phihsa}} {{IPA|[pʰiːzaː]}} ('pizza') |- | <big>{{lang|km|ហ្ស៊}}</big> | ''hâ'' + ''sâ'' + diacritic | {{lang|km-Latn|hsô}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hso}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hs′a}} | {{IPA|[zɔː], [ʒɔː]}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hs}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hs}} | {{lang|km-Latn|hs′}} | {{IPA|[z], [ʒ]}} | style="text-align:left;" | Example: {{lang|km|ហ្ស៊ីប}} {{transliteration|km|hsib}} {{IPA|[ʒiːp]}} ('jeep'; from French {{lang|fr|jeep}}), {{lang|km|ហ្សឺណេវ}} {{transliteration|km|hsœnév}} {{IPA|[zəːneːw]}} ('Geneva'; from French {{lang|fr|Genève}}) |}
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