Editing Kwadi language (section)

===Consonants===
The following consonants are attested. Those is parentheses are doubtful: they are either found in only a single lexeme, or are plausible allophones of another consonant.<ref name="lost"/><ref name="morphology" />

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! colspan="2" |
! [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
! [[Dental consonant|Dental]]
! [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! [[Lateral consonant|Lateral]]
! [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! [[Velar consonant|Velar]]
![[Uvular consonant|Uvular]]
! [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
! rowspan="5" |[[Click consonant|Click]]
!{{small|voiceless}}
|
|{{IPA link|ᵏǀ}}
|
|{{IPA link|ᵏǁ}}
|{{IPA link|ᵏǂ}}
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|aspirated}}
|
|{{IPA link|ᵏǀʰ}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|glottalized}}
|
|{{IPA link|ᵏǀˀ}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|ᵏǂˀ}}
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|prenasal}}
|
|{{IPA link|ŋǀ}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|fricative}}
|
|{{IPA link|ᵏǀx}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| {{IPA link|m}}
|
| {{IPA link|n}}
|
| {{IPA link|ɲ}}
| {{IPA link|ŋ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Prenasalized consonant|Prenasal]]
|mb
|
|nd
|
|ɲɟ
|ŋɡ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" | [[Stop consonant|Stop]]
!{{small|voiceless}}
| {{IPA link|p}}, {{IPA link|pʲ}}
|
| {{IPA link|t}}, {{IPA link|tsʷ}}
|
| {{IPA link|c}}
| {{IPA link|k}}, {{IPA link|kʷ}}
|({{IPA link|q}})
| {{IPA link|ʔ}}, {{IPA link|ʔʲ}}
|-
!{{small|voiced}}
| {{IPA link|b}}
|
| {{IPA link|d}}, {{IPA link|dʷ}}
|
| {{IPA link|ɟ}}
| {{IPA link|ɡ}}, {{IPA link|ɡʷ}}
|
|
|-
!{{small|aspirated}}
| {{IPA link|pʰ}}
|
| {{IPA link|tʰ}}
|
|{{IPA link|cʰ}}
| {{IPA link|kʰ|k(x)ʰ}}
|
|
|-
!{{small|glottalized}}
|
|
| {{IPA link|tʼ}}
|
| {{IPA link|cʼ}}
| {{IPA link|kʼ|k(x)ʼ}}
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |[[Affricate]]
!{{small|voiceless}}
|({{IPA link|pf}})
|
|{{IPA link|ts}}~{{IPA link|tʃ}}
|{{IPA link|tɬ}}
|
|({{IPA link|kx}})
|
|
|-
!{{small|voiced}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|dz}}
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|aspirated}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|tsʰ}}
|{{IPA link|tɬʰ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|glottalized}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|tsʼ}}
|{{IPA link|tɬʼ}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|qχʼ}}
|
|-
! rowspan="3" | [[Fricative]]
!{{small|voiceless}}
| {{IPA link|f}}
| ({{IPA link|θ}})
| {{IPA link|s}}
| {{IPA link|ɬ}}
| {{IPA link|ʃ}}
| {{IPA link|x}}
| {{IPA link|χ}}
| {{IPA link|h}}
|-
!{{small|voiced}}
| {{IPA link|v}}
| ({{IPA link|ð}})
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|glottalized}}
|
|
|
|
|
| {{IPA link|xʼ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Trill consonant|Trill]]
|
|
|({{IPA link|r}})
|
|
|
|{{IPA link|ʀ̥}}
|
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Approximant]]
| {{IPA link|w}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|l}}
| {{IPA link|j}}
|
|
|
|}

Proto-Khoe&ndash;Kwadi *ǃ, *ǂ, *ǁ are replaced with non-click consonants such as {{IPA|/c, tɬ, cʼ, tɬʼ, xʼ, ʔʲ/}}.<ref name="phonology">Fehn, Anne-Maria. (2020). Towards a reconstruction of Proto Khoe-Kwadi: The challenges (and benefits!) of applying the historical-comparative method to archival data. Handout of paper presented at the Zoom meeting of the KBA Network, 15 October 2020.</ref>

In disyllabic words, the second consonant is predominantly /m/, /n/, /l/, /d/, /b/, and it is possible those were the only consonants allowed within morphemes in native words, as would be typical for the area.<ref name="lost"/>