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Leeds and Liverpool Canal
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====First phase==== {{Infobox UK legislation | short_title = {{visible anchor|Leeds and Liverpool Canal Act 1783}} | type = Act | parliament = Parliament of Great Britain | long_title = An Act for altering and varying the Powers of an Act, passed in the Sixth Year of the Reign of King George the First,[q] for making the River Douglas, alias Asland, navigable from the River Ribble to Wigan, in the County Palatine of Lancaster; and for enabling the Company of Proprietors of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, incorporated by an Act passed in the Tenth Year of His present Majesty's Reign, to purchase the said River Navigation; for amending the said last mentioned Act; for incorporating and consolidating the said Two Navigations; and for other Purposes. | year = 1783 | citation = [[23 Geo. 3]]. c. 47 | introduced_commons = | introduced_lords = | territorial_extent = | royal_assent = 24 June 1783 | commencement = | expiry_date = | repeal_date = | amends = | replaces = | amendments = | repealing_legislation = | related_legislation = {{ubli|Leeds and Liverpool Canal Act 1770}} | status = | legislation_history = | theyworkforyou = | millbankhansard = | original_text = | revised_text = | use_new_UK-LEG = | UK-LEG_title = | collapsed = yes }} [[File:BingleyFiveRiseLocks1.JPG|thumb|upright|left|[[Bingley Five Rise Locks]]]] A commencement ceremony was held at [[Halsall]], north of Liverpool on 5 November 1770, with the first sod being dug by the Hon. Charles Mordaunt of Halsall Hall. The first section of the canal opened from [[Bingley]] to [[Skipton]] in 1773.<ref name = "llcs">{{Cite web| year = 2006 | url = http://www.llcs.org.uk/html/chronology.html | title = The Leeds & Liverpool Canal Society Chronology| work = Northern Heritage| access-date = 14 June 2008}}</ref> By 1774 the canal had been completed from [[Skipton]] to [[Shipley, West Yorkshire|Shipley]], including significant engineering features such as the [[Bingley Five Rise Locks]], [[Bingley Three Rise Locks]] and the seven-arch aqueduct over the [[River Aire]], at Dowley Gap. Also completed was the [[Bradford Canal|branch to Bradford]]. On the western side, the section from Liverpool to [[Newburgh, Lancashire|Newburgh]] was dug. By the following year the Yorkshire end had been extended to [[Gargrave]], and by 1777 the canal had joined the Aire and Calder Navigation in Leeds.<ref name = "llcs"/> From Liverpool it had reached [[Wigan]] by 1781, replacing the earlier and unsatisfactory [[Douglas Navigation]]. By now, the subscribed funds and further borrowing had all been spent, and work stopped in 1781 with the completion of the [[Rufford, Lancashire|Rufford Branch]] from [[Burscough]] to the [[River Douglas, Lancashire|River Douglas]] at [[Tarleton]]. The [[American Revolutionary War|war in the American colonies]] and its aftermath made it impossible to continue for more than a decade.<ref name="Cotton"/>
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