Editing Leibniz's notation (section)

==Leibniz's notation for integration==

Leibniz introduced the [[integral symbol]] for integration<ref>[https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Miller/mathsym/calculus/ Earliest Uses of Symbols of Calculus]", School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. Retrieved 1 May 2025.</ref> (or "antidifferentiation") now commonly used today:<math>\displaystyle \int</math>

The notation was introduced in 1675 in his private writings;<ref>Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, ''Sämtliche Schriften und Briefe, Reihe VII: Mathematische Schriften, vol. 5: Infinitesimalmathematik 1674–1676'', Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2008, pp. [http://www.gwlb.de/Leibniz/Leibnizarchiv/Veroeffentlichungen/VII5A.pdf 288–295] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009052830/https://www.gwlb.de/Leibniz/Leibnizarchiv/Veroeffentlichungen/VII5A.pdf |date=2021-10-09 }} ("Analyseos tetragonisticae pars secunda", October 29, 1675) and [http://www.gwlb.de/Leibniz/Leibnizarchiv/Veroeffentlichungen/VII5B.pdf 321–331] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003130340/http://www.gwlb.de/Leibniz/Leibnizarchiv/Veroeffentlichungen/VII5B.pdf |date=2016-10-03 }} ("Methodi tangentium inversae exempla", November 11, 1675).</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://jeff560.tripod.com/calculus.html |author=Aldrich, John |title=Earliest Uses of Symbols of Calculus |access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref> it first appeared publicly in the article "{{lang|la|De Geometria Recondita et analysi indivisibilium atque infinitorum}}" (On a hidden geometry and analysis of indivisibles and infinites), published in ''[[Acta Eruditorum]]'' in June 1686.<ref>{{citation |first=Frank J. |last=Swetz |title=Mathematical Treasure: Leibniz's Papers on Calculus – Integral Calculus |publisher=[[Mathematical Association of America]] |url=http://www.maa.org/press/periodicals/convergence/mathematical-treasure-leibnizs-papers-on-calculus-integral-calculus |access-date=February 11, 2017 |series=Convergence |archive-date=December 27, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227072212/http://www.maa.org/press/periodicals/convergence/mathematical-treasure-leibnizs-papers-on-calculus-integral-calculus |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Mathematics and its History |url=https://archive.org/details/mathematicsitshi0000stil |url-access=registration |first=John |last=Stillwell |author-link=John Stillwell |publisher=Springer |year=1989 |page=[https://archive.org/details/mathematicsitshi0000stil/page/110 110] }}</ref>  The symbol was based on the ſ ([[long s]]) character and was chosen because Leibniz thought of the integral as an infinite [[summation|sum]] of infinitesimal [[summand]]s.