Editing Letter case (section)

==Typographical considerations==
The [[glyph]]s of lowercase letters can resemble smaller forms of the uppercase glyphs restricted to the baseband (e.g. "C/c" and "S/s", cf. [[small caps]]) or can look hardly related (e.g. "D/d" and "G/g"). Here is a comparison of the upper and lower case variants of each letter included in the [[English alphabet]] (the exact representation will vary according to the [[typeface]] and [[font]] used):

{| style="margin-left:1.5em;text-align:left;"
|-
!style="padding:0 1.0em;"| Uppercase
| A || B || C || D || E || F || G || H || I || J || K || L || M || N || O || P || Q || R || S || T || U || V || W || X || Y || Z
|-
!style="padding:0 1.0em;"| Lowercase
| a || b || c || d || e || f || g || h || i || j || k || l || m || n || o || p || q || r || s || t || u || v || w || x || y || z
|}

(Some lowercase letters have variations e.g. a/ɑ.)

[[Typography|Typographically]], the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally are of uniform height (although, depending on the typeface, there may be some exceptions, particularly with ''Q'' and sometimes ''J'' having a descending element; also, various [[diacritic]]s can add to the normal height of a letter).

[[File:Typography Line Terms.svg|thumb|300px|Ascenders (as in "h") and descenders (as in "p") make the height of lower-case letters vary.]]

There is more variation in the height of the minuscules, as some of them have parts higher ([[Ascender (typography)|ascenders]]) or lower ([[descender]]s) than the typical size. Normally, ''b, d, f, h, k, l, t''{{NoteTag|name=ad|In [[Antiqua (typeface class)|Roman Antiqua]] or other vertical fonts, the defunct [[long s]] (ſ) would have been an ascender; however, in italics, it would have been one of only two letters in the [[English alphabet]] (and most other [[Latin-script alphabets]]) with both an ascender and a descender, the other being ''f''.<ref name="Nesbitt">{{cite book | title = The History and Technique of Lettering | first = Alexander |last = Nesbitt | edition = 1st | publisher = Dover Publications | year = 1957 | location = New York City | isbn = 0-486-20427-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/historytechnique0000nesb_r0f7}}</ref>}} are the letters with ascenders, and ''g, j, p, q, y'' are the ones with descenders. In addition, with [[Text figures|old-style numerals]] still used by some traditional or classical fonts, ''6'' and ''8'' make up the ascender set, and ''3, 4, 5, 7'', and ''9'' the descender set.