Editing Lev Chernyi (section)

===Return to Moscow===
After the [[February Revolution]], Chernyi returned to Moscow, where he joined the [[Moscow Federation of Anarchist Groups]], serving as the organisation's secretary.{{Sfnm|1a1=Antliff|1y=2007|1p=60|2a1=Avrich|2y=1971|2pp=179-180}} Although the Federation largely opposed [[illegalism|illegalist]] and [[expropriative anarchism|expropriative activities]], Chernyi himself advocated for the organization to seize private homes.{{Sfn|Avrich|1971|p=180}} Following the outbreak of the [[Russian Civil War]], Chernyi helped organise the [[Black Guards]], the armed wing of the Moscow Federation of Anarchist Groups.{{Sfnm|1a1=Avrich|1y=1971|1pp=232-233|2a1=Baksht|2y=2016|2pp=302-303}} On 5 March 1918, the second issue of ''[[Anarkhiia]]'' after the [[October Revolution]], Chernyi published an article in which he denounced the new [[Russian Soviet Republic]] and declared it to be as much of a threat as the old regime.{{Sfn|Cooke|1999|p=25}} In subsequent issues of the paper, Chernyi outlined proposals for the [[decentralisation]] of industry and the abolition of hierarchical power.{{Sfn|Cooke|1999|pp=25-26}}

By the summer of 1918, [[Political repression in the Soviet Union|political repression]] against the anarchist movement drove many of Moscow's anarchists underground. In 1918, Chernyi himself facilitated the creation of an underground group of the Federation; and in 1919, he joined the [[Underground Anarchists]], founded by [[Kazimir Kovalevich]] and Pyotr Sobalev.{{Sfn|Avrich|1971|p=188}} On 25 September 1919, the Underground Anarchists carried out a [[Explosion in Leontievsky Lane|bombing]] of a [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Russian Communist Party]] meeting, killing 12 functionaries and wounding 55 others, including [[Nikolai Bukharin]], [[Yemelyan Yaroslavsky]] and [[Yuri Steklov]].{{Sfn|Avrich|1971|pp=188-189}} The bombing ultimately resulted in the intensification of political repression against the anarchists.{{Sfn|Avrich|1971|p=189}} Chernyi himself was not directly involved in the bombing.{{Sfn|Avrich|1971|pp=232-233}}