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Limited voting
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==History and current use== ;Historic *In [[Argentina]] for the [[Argentine Chamber of Deputies|Chamber of Deputies]] elections, between 1912 and 1948, and between 1958 and 1962. *In [[Spain]] for general, provincial and local elections until 1936. *In Portugal for legislative elections from 1884 to 1895 and from 1901 to 1926. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://purl.pt/5854/1/documentos/Legislacao%20Eleitoral%20-%20REPUBLICA.pdf |title=Legislação Eleitoral - REPÚBLICA.doc |author = Pedro Tavares de Almeida; Margarida Lopes & João Samouqueiro|year = 2006|access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://purl.pt/5854/2/documentos/Legislacao%20Eleitoral%20-%20MONARQUIA%20CONSTITUCIONAL.pdf |title=Legislação Eleitoral - MONARQUIA CONSTITUCIONAL.doc |author = Pedro Tavares de Almeida; Margarida Lopes & João Samouqueiro|year = 2006|access-date=18 January 2025 }}</ref> *Between 1867 and 1885 in the UK for some House of Commons constituencies. *In Italy at the end of the nineteenth century. *In Japan during the US-led Allied occupation in the [[1946 Japanese general election|first post-war election in 1946]] permitting two votes per voter in districts with ten or fewer representatives and three votes in districts with more than ten representatives. *In Estonia, for the [[Congress of Estonia]] election in 1990. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://escholarship.org/content/qt9510610w/qt9510610w_noSplash_f408452bfb6b7384fad96622f560cbef.pdf |title=Electoral System Change in Estonia |author = Bernard Grofman, Evald Mikkel & Rein Taagepera |year = 1999|access-date=24 November 2020 }}</ref> *In Canada in Ontario provincial elections in 1896 and 1900 to elect Toronto MLAs.<ref>Parliamentary Guide 1900</ref> ;Current *In Spain since the restoration of democracy (the end of governance by [[Francisco Franco|General Franco]]) to [[Spanish Senate|elect senators]] from/for the mainland (three votes per voter for four seats per province). *In the US to elect most municipal offices in [[Connecticut]], many county commissions in [[Pennsylvania]], and some in other states. It has been adopted to resolve voting rights cases in more than 20 municipalities in [[Alabama]] and [[North Carolina]], as detailed in Arrington and Ingalls' 1998 article "The limited vote alternative to affirmative districting" (Political Geography, Volume 17, Number 6, Aug 1998, pp. 701–728). In 2009 a federal judge ordered its use for school board elections in [[Euclid, Ohio]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cleveland.com/news/plaindealer/index.ssf?%2Fbase%2Fcuyahoga%2F1250843460287750.xml&coll=2 |title=Black candidate for Euclid school board to test new voting system - Cleveland.com |access-date=28 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008172556/http://www.cleveland.com/news/plaindealer/index.ssf?%2Fbase%2Fcuyahoga%2F1250843460287750.xml&coll=2 |archive-date=8 October 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[elections in Gibraltar|In Gibraltar]] (10 votes per voter for all 17 seats).
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