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Lists of poisonings
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===Alleged=== *[[Alexander the Great]] (d. 323 BC) *[[Mithridates VI of Pontus]] (d. 63 BC), king of [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]] and [[Armenia Minor]] *[[Ptolemy XIV of Egypt]] (d. 44 BC); if so, by his sister [[Cleopatra VII of Egypt|Cleopatra]] *[[Augustus]] (d. 14), Roman Emperor, with poisoned figs by his wife [[Livia]] *[[Germanicus]] (d. 19), [[Roman Empire|Roman]] general *[[Claudius]] (d. 54), Roman Emperor, by his wife [[Agrippina the Younger]] *[[Boudica]] (d. 60 or 61), Queen of the Iceni tribe and leader of the rebellion against Roman rule in Britain; committed suicide by poison according to [[Tacitus]], though [[Dio Cassius]] claimed natural illness *[[Constance of Normandy]] (d. 1090), daughter of King [[William I of England]] *[[John of England|King John of England]] (d. 1216); with peaches *[[Pope Benedict XI]] (d. 1304) *[[Stefan Dusan]] (d. 1355), Serbian king *[[Anne Neville]] (d. 1485), Queen Consort of England, died of tuberculosis but said to have been poisoned by her husband [[Richard III]] *[[Matthias Corvinus]] (d. 1490), King of Hungary *[[Catherine of Aragon]] (d. 1536), Queen Consort of England, thought to have been poisoned by her former husband [[Henry VIII of England]] or his wife [[Anne Boleyn]] *[[Barbara Radziwill|Barbara Radziwiłł]] (d. 1551), Queen of Poland *[[Eric XIV of Sweden|King Eric XIV of Sweden]] (d. 1577); according to folklore, he was killed from poisoning by arsenic hidden in pea soup *[[Tycho Brahe]] (d. 1601), Danish astronomer *[[Jamestown, Virginia|Jamestown colonists]] (1607–1610); standard historical accounts suggest many early colonists died of starvation, but the possibility of arsenic poisoning by rat poison (or of death by [[bubonic plague]]) has also been reported<ref>Public Broadcasting Service, ''[https://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets2/case3_clues.html Secrets of the Dead]'', 2011. Accessed 4/25/2012</ref> *[[Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury]] (d. 1612) *[[Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy]] (d. 1637) *[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] (d. 1791), Austrian composer; with [[antimony]] *[[Napoleon Bonaparte]] (d. 1821); some claim he was killed with arsenic by someone on his staff, though the evidence is inconclusive *[[Pope Pius VIII]] (d. 1830) *[[Zachary Taylor]] (d. 1850), 12th President of the United States; theorized by author Clara Rising that his milk was poisoned during an Independence Day celebration *[[John Gallagher Montgomery]] (d. 1857), U.S. Congressman from [[Pennsylvania]] *[[Charles Darwin]] (d. 1882), English naturalist; possibly died due to self-medication with [[Fowler's solution]], one-percent [[potassium arsenite]] *[[Hanoi Poison Plot]] (1908), a group of local Vietnamese tried to poison the entire French colonial army's garrison in the Citadel of Hanoi *[[Huo Yuanjia]] (d. 1910), wushu master and Chinese national hero; arsenic *[[Gojong of Joseon|Emperor Gojong of Korea]] (d. 1919); allegedly poisoned by the Japanese *[[Maxim Gorky]] (d. 1936), Russian writer; [[NKVD]] chief [[Genrikh Yagoda]] admitted at the [[Trial of the Twenty One]] that he ordered to poison Gorky and his son *[[Robert Johnson (musician)|Robert Johnson]] (d. 1938), American musician *[[Raoul Wallenberg]] (d. c. 1947), Swedish humanitarian who saved tens of thousands of Jews during [[World War II]]; reportedly poisoned in [[Lubyanka prison]] by [[Grigory Mairanovsky]] *[[Joseph Stalin]] (d. 1953); officially [[cerebral hemorrhage]], but according to [[Vyacheslav Molotov]]'s memoirs and historians [[Edvard Radzinsky|Radzinsky]] and [[Anton Antonov-Ovseenko|Antonov-Ovseenko]], Stalin was poisoned on [[Lavrenty Beria]]'s orders *[[Vasili Blokhin]] (d. 1955), former executioner of [[NKVD]] *[[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] (d. 1966), second Prime Minister of India *[[João Goulart]] (d. 1976), former Brazilian president ousted by 1964 coup d'état *[[Carlos Lacerda]] (d. 1977), Brazilian journalist and presidential nominee *[[Pope John Paul I]] (d. 1978) *[[Gulf War syndrome]], a chronic multi-symptom disorder afflicting more than 250,000 returning veterans and civilian workers of the [[Gulf War]] of 1990–1991; while the etiology of the condition continues to be debated, various manmade poisons have been suggested as possible causes *[[Yuri Shchekochikhin]] (d. 2003), Russian investigative journalist; died presumably from poisoning by radioactive [[thallium]] *[[Yasser Arafat]] (d. 2004); reputedly died from liver [[cirrhosis]], which may be a consequence of chronic [[alcohol (drug)|alcohol]] use or poisoning. Some Arafat supporters feel it is unlikely that Arafat habitually used alcohol (forbidden by [[Islam]]), and so suspect poisoning. However, it is also important to note that cirrhosis is not necessarily caused by alcohol use, or indeed any poison at all. *[[Ardeshir Hosseinpour]] (d. 2007), [[Iran]]ian nuclear scientist; possibly assassinated by [[Mossad]] with "radioactive poisoning" or "gas poisoning"<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3360556,00.html|title=Report: Mossad assassinated Iranian nuclear scientist|newspaper=Ynetnews|date=4 February 2007|last1=Ap|first1=Ynet and}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/821634.html |title=U.S. Website: Mossad killed Iranian nuclear physicist - Haaretz - Israel News |access-date=2007-02-05 |archive-date=2007-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206032005/http://haaretz.com/hasen/spages/821634.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1170359775445&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
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