Editing Logical positivism (section)

===Anglosphere===

As the movement's first emissary to the [[New World]], Moritz Schlick visited [[Stanford University]] in 1929, yet otherwise remained in Vienna and was murdered in 1936 at [[University of Vienna|the University]] by a former student, [[Johann Nelböck]], who was reportedly deranged.<ref name=Friedman-pxii/> That year, [[A. J. Ayer]], a British attendee at various Vienna Circle meetings since 1933, published ''[[Language, Truth and Logic]]'', which imported logical positivism to the [[English-speaking world]]. In 1933, the [[Nazi Party]]'s rise to power in Germany had triggered flight of intellectuals, which accelerated upon Germany's [[annexation of Austria]] in 1938.<ref name=Friedman-pxii/> The logical positivists, many of whom were [[Jewish]], were targeted and continued flight throughout the pre-war period. Their philosophy thus became dominant in the [[English-speaking world]].<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Logical Positivism The Vienna Circle |first=Bruce |last=Caldwell |year=1984 |title=Beyond Positivism |pages=29–36 |doi=10.4324/9780203565520-7 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-429-23433-0}}</ref>

By the late 1930s, many in the movement had replaced [[phenomenalism]] with Neurath's [[physicalism]], whereby [[material object]]s are not reducible to [[Stimulus (physiology)|sensory stimuli]] but exist as publicly observable entities in the [[reality|real world]]. Neurath settled in England, where he died in 1945. Carnap, Reichenbach and Hempel settled permanently in America.<ref name=Friedman-pxii/>