Editing Lord's (section)

===Continued developments===
By the 1860s and 1870s, the great social occasions of the season were the public schools match between Eton and Harrow, the University Match between Oxford and Cambridge, and the [[Gentlemen v Players]], with all three matches attracting great crowds. Crowds became so large that they encroached on the playing area, which necessitated the introduction of the [[Boundary (cricket)|boundary]] system in 1866.<ref>Green 2010, pp. 57–8</ref> Further crowd control measures were initiated in 1871, with the introduction of turnstiles.<ref>Green 2010, p. 59</ref> The pavilion was expanded in the mid-1860s and shortly thereafter it was decided to replace the original tavern with a new construction commencing in December 1867.<ref name="FORSIX"/> At this time a nascent [[County Championship#Development of county cricket|county game]] was beginning to take shape.<ref>Green 2010, p. 52</ref> With Lord's hosting more county matches, the pitches subsequently improved with the [[umpire (cricket)|umpires]] being responsible for their preparation.<ref>Green 2010, p. 60</ref>

[[Middlesex County Cricket Club]], which had been founded in 1864, began playing their home games at Lord's in 1877 after vacating [[Prince's Cricket Ground|their ground in Chelsea]],<ref name="WISG"/> which had been considered a serious rival to Lord's given its noblemen backers.<ref>Green 2010, p. 78</ref> In 1873–74, an embankment was constructed which could accommodate 4,000 spectators in four rows of seats. Four years later a new lodge and was constructed to replace an older lodge, along with a new workshop, stables and a store room at a cost of £1,000.<ref>Green 2010, pp. 59–60</ref> To meet the ever increasing demand to accommodate more spectators, a temporary stand was constructed on the eastern side of the ground.<ref>Green 2010, p. 63</ref> After many years of complaints regarding the poor condition of the Lord's pitch, the MCC took action by installing Percy Pearce as Ground Superintendent in 1874. Pearce had previously held the same position at the [[County Ground, Hove]]. His appointment vastly improved the condition of the wicket, with ''[[Evening Standard|The Standard]]'' describing them as "faultless".<ref>Green 2010, p. 76</ref>
[[File:Lord's Pavilion.jpg|thumb|left|The pavilion, designed by the architect [[Thomas Verity]] and built in 1889–90.]]
The [[Australia national cricket team|Australian cricket team]] captained by [[Dave Gregory (cricketer)|Dave Gregory]] first visited Lord's on 27 May 1878, defeating their MCC hosts by 9 wickets.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/2/2171.html|title=Marylebone Cricket Club v Australians, 1878|publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=27 June 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=27 May 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070527213748/http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/2/2171.html|url-status=live}}</ref> This was considered a shock result and established not only the fame of the Australian team, but also the rivalry between England and Australia.<ref>Green 2010, pp. 81–4</ref> Lord's hosted its first [[Test cricket|Test match]] during the [[Australian cricket team in England in 1884|1884 Ashes]], becoming the third venue in England to host Test cricket after [[The Oval]] and [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford]].<ref>Powell 1989, pp. 14–5</ref> The match was won by [[England cricket team|England]] by an innings and 5 runs, with England's [[A. G. Steel]] and [[Edmund Peate]] recording the first Test [[century (cricket)|century]] and [[five wicket haul]] at Lord's respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/2/2861.html|title=England v Australia, 1884|publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=28 June 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=28 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628170035/https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/2/2861.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

As part of the [[Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria|Golden Jubilee Celebrations for Queen Victoria]] in 1887, the Kings of Belgium, Denmark, [[Kingdom of Saxony|Saxony]], and Portugal attended Lord's. It was noted that none of them had any grasp of cricket. In the same year Lord's hosted the MCC's hundredth anniversary celebrations, with the MCC playing a celebratory match against England.<ref>Green 2010, pp. 94–5</ref> With only a two-tiered covered grandstand and both increasing membership and spectator numbers, it was decided to build a new pavilion at a cost of £21,000.<ref name="LBH"/> Construction on [[Lord's Pavilion|this pavilion]], which was designed by [[Thomas Verity]], took place in 1889–90.<ref name="PO15">Powell 1989, p. 15</ref> The pavilion it replaced was relocated and painstakingly rebuilt on an estate in [[Sussex]], where it lived out its days as a glorified garden shed.<ref name="PAV">{{cite web|url=https://www.lords.org/lords/our-history/father-time-wall/1890-thomas-verity-s-new-pavilion-is-completed|title=Thomas Verity's new Pavilion is completed|publisher=www.lords.org|access-date=14 July 2021|archive-date=14 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714105554/https://www.lords.org/lords/our-history/father-time-wall/1890-thomas-verity-s-new-pavilion-is-completed|url-status=live}}</ref> Soon after this, the MCC purchased the land to the east, known today as the Nursery Ground; this had previously been a [[market garden]] known as Henderson's Nursery which had grown pineapples and tulips.<ref name="PO15"/><ref name="LBH"/><ref>Baker 2014, p. 129</ref> The ground was subsequently threatened by the [[Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway]]'s attempts to purchase the area for their line into [[Marylebone station]].<ref>Green 2010, p. 132</ref> After considering the company's offer, the MCC relinquished a strip of land bordering Wellington Road and was given in exchange the Clergy Orphan School to the south.<ref name="PO15"/> In order to build the railway into Marylebone station, the Nursery Ground had to be dug up to allow tunnels to be constructed between 1894 and 1898 using the [[Tunnel#Cut-and-cover|cut-and-cover]] method. Once completed the railway company laid a new pitch.<ref name="BAT">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-43993471|title=Battle over rail tunnels at Lord's cricket ground rumbles on|first=Bill|last=Wilson|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=8 August 2018|access-date=28 June 2021|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709200848/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-43993471|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:"W.G.", cricketing reminiscences and personal recollections (1899) (14784598082).jpg|thumb|right|A match in progress at Lord's in 1899.]]
It was rumoured that subsequent tunnelling under Wellington Road provided the banking for the Mound Stand, which was constructed in 1898/99 on an area previously occupied by tennis and [[Rackets (sport)|rackets]] courts. The rapid development of Lord's was not well met by some, with critics suggesting Thomas Lord would 'turn in his grave' at Lord's expansion.<ref name="PO15"/> 1899 saw [[Albert Trott]] hit a [[Boundary (cricket)#Six runs|six]] over the pavilion while playing for the MCC against the touring Australians, remaining as of {{year}} the only batsman to do so.<ref>Green 2010, p. 162–3</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Williamson |first=Martin |date=19 June 2010 |title=Albert Trott's mighty hit |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/rewind-to-1899-albert-trott-s-mighty-hit-463786 |access-date=29 June 2021 |work=ESPNcricinfo |archive-date=21 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221110709/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/rewind-to-1899-albert-trott-s-mighty-hit-463786 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[International Cricket Council|Imperial Cricket Conference]] was founded by England, Australia and [[South African national cricket team|South Africa]] in 1909, with Lord's serving as its headquarters.<ref name="PO16">Powell 1989, p. 16</ref>

Lord's hosted three of the nine Test matches in the ill-fated [[1912 Triangular Tournament]] which was organised by the South African millionaire [[Sir Abe Bailey]].<ref>Green 2010, p. 190</ref> The ground's centenary was commemorated in June 1914 with a match between MCC, whose team was selected from the touring party from the recent [[English cricket team in South Africa in 1913–14|tour of South Africa]], and a Rest of England team. The Rest of England won the three-day match by an innings and 189 runs.<ref>Warner 1987, pp. 169–170</ref> Lord's was requisitioned by [[British Army|the army]] during the [[First World War]], accommodating the Territorial Army, [[Royal Army Medical Corps]] (RAMC) and [[Royal Army Service Corps]]. Both cooking and wireless instruction classes were held at the ground for military personnel. Once the RAMC departed, the [[War Office]] used the Nursery Ground and other buildings as a training centre for [[Royal Artillery]] cadets. The pavilion and its long room were used throughout the war for the manufacture of hay nets for horses on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]].<ref>Green 2010, p. 193-4</ref> Though requisitioned, Lord's held several charity cricket matches during the war, featuring military teams from the various territories of the [[British Empire]].<ref>Green 2010, p. 193-206</ref> These matches were well attended and one such match in 1918 between England and the [[Dominions cricket team|Dominions]] was attended by [[George V]] and the [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn|Duke of Connaught]].<ref>Warner 1987, p. 171</ref>