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Manusmriti
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===Sources of the law=== The ''Dharmasya Yonih'' (Sources of the Law) has twenty-four verses and one transition verse.<ref name=olivellepage9/> These verses state what the text considers as the proper and just sources of law: {{Blockquote|वेदोऽखिलो धर्ममूलं स्मृतिशीले च तद्विदाम् <nowiki>। आचारश्चैव साधूनामात्मनस्तुष्टिरेव च ॥</nowiki> Translation 1: The whole Veda is the (first) source of the sacred law, next the tradition and the virtuous conduct of those who know the (Veda further), also the customs of holy men, and (finally) self-satisfaction (''Atmana santushti'').<ref name="manusmriti2">{{Cite book|last1=Manu (Lawgiver)|url=http://archive.org/details/lawsofman00manu|title=The laws of Manu|last2=Bühler|first2=Georg|date=1886|publisher=Oxford : The Clarendon Press|others=PIMS - University of Toronto}}</ref><br /> Translation 2: The root of the dharma is the entire Veda, and (then) the tradition and customs of those who know (the Veda), and the conduct of virtuous people, and what is satisfactory to oneself.<ref name=manusmriti3>Brian Smith and Wendy Doniger (1992), The Laws of Manu, Penguin, {{ISBN|978-0140445404}}, pp. 17–18</ref> |Manusmriti 2.6}} {{Blockquote|वेदः स्मृतिः सदाचारः स्वस्य च प्रियमात्मनः <nowiki>। एतच्चतुर्विधं प्राहुः साक्षाद् धर्मस्य लक्षणम् ॥</nowiki> Translation 1: The Veda, the sacred tradition, the customs of virtuous men, and one's own pleasure, they declare to be the fourfold means of defining the sacred law.<ref name=manusmriti2/><br /> Translation 2: The Veda, tradition, the conduct of good people, and what is pleasing to oneself – they say that is four-fold mark of dharma.<ref name="manusmriti3"/> |Manusmriti 2.12}} This section of Manusmriti, like other Hindu law texts, includes fourfold sources of ''Dharma'', states Levinson, which include ''Atmana santushti'' (satisfaction of one's conscience), ''Sadachara'' (local norms of virtuous individuals), ''Smriti'' and ''Sruti''.<ref name=davidlevinson>David Levinson (2002), Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment, Volume 1, SAGE Publications, {{ISBN|978-0761922582}}, p. 829</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Davis | first1 = Donald R. Jr. | year = 2007 | title = On Ātmastuṣṭi as a Source of ''Dharma'' | journal = Journal of the American Oriental Society | volume = 127 | issue = 3| pages = 279–296 }}</ref><ref>Werner Menski, ''Hindu Law: Beyond Tradition and Modernity'' (Delhi: Oxford UP, 2003), p. 126 and Domenico Francavilla, ''The Roots of Hindu Jurisprudence: Sources of Dharma and Interpretation in Mīmāṃsā and Dharmaśāstra''. Corpus Iuris Sanscriticum. Vol. 7 (Torino: CESMEO, 2006), pp. 165–176.</ref>
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