Editing Micronutrient (section)

=== Anthropogenic influences ===
Anthropogenic industry unintentionally injects micronutrients into various ecosystems across the globe.<ref name=":5" /> The addition of micronutrients into ecosystems can have both positive and negative impacts. In the face of climate change, [[Iron fertilization|the fertilization of oceans with iron]] has been proposed as a method of [[carbon sequestration]];<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Smetacek |first1=V |last2=Naqvi |first2=S.w.a |date=2008-08-29 |title=The next generation of iron fertilization experiments in the Southern Ocean |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rsta.2008.0144 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |volume=366 |issue=1882 |pages=3947–3967 |doi=10.1098/rsta.2008.0144|pmid=18757280 |bibcode=2008RSPTA.366.3947S |url-access=subscription }}</ref> however, elevated levels of iron in [[High-nutrient, low-chlorophyll regions|high nutrient, low chlorophyll]] regions of the ocean can cause the production of [[Harmful algal bloom|harmful algal blooms]] which are toxic to both humans and marine life.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Williamson |first1=Phillip |last2=Wallace |first2=Douglas W. R. |last3=Law |first3=Cliff S. |last4=Boyd |first4=Philip W. |last5=Collos |first5=Yves |last6=Croot |first6=Peter |last7=Denman |first7=Ken |last8=Riebesell |first8=Ulf |last9=Takeda |first9=Shigenobu |last10=Vivian |first10=Chris |date=2012-11-01 |title=Ocean fertilization for geoengineering: A review of effectiveness, environmental impacts and emerging governance |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S095758201200119X |journal=Process Safety and Environmental Protection |series=Special Issue: Negative emissions technology |volume=90 |issue=6 |pages=475–488 |doi=10.1016/j.psep.2012.10.007 |bibcode=2012PSEP...90..475W |issn=0957-5820|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Similarly, in lakes, isolated seas, and coastal bays or gulfs, addition of micronutrients can cause [[eutrophication]] leading to [[Hypoxia (environmental)|hypoxia]], decreasing ecosystem health.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Deininger |first1=Anne |last2=Frigstad |first2=Helene |date=2019-04-25 |title=Reevaluating the Role of Organic Matter Sources for Coastal Eutrophication, Oligotrophication, and Ecosystem Health |journal=Frontiers in Marine Science |language=English |volume=6 |page=210 |doi=10.3389/fmars.2019.00210 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2019FrMaS...6..210D |issn=2296-7745|hdl=11250/2620750 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

Micronutrients are released into ecosystems from many anthropogenic activities. [[Fossil fuel]] combustion releases micronutrients such as Zn, Fe, Ni, and Cu into the atmosphere, surrounding soils, and nearby waterways.<ref name=":6" /> Agricultural fertilizer runoff contains many micronutrients like Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, B, Mo and Ni. Fertilizer runoff injects these micronutrients into groundwater, soils, and waterways.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=He |first1=Zhenli L. |last2=Yang |first2=Xiaoe E. |last3=Stoffella |first3=Peter J. |date=2005-12-02 |title=Trace elements in agroecosystems and impacts on the environment |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0946672X05000969 |journal=Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=125–140 |doi=10.1016/j.jtemb.2005.02.010 |bibcode=2005JTEMB..19..125H |issn=0946-672X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> [[Deforestation]] decreases soil compaction, resulting in increased aeolian transport of dust containing micronutrients, especially Fe.<ref name=":3" /> Industrial mining produces [[tailings]] [[Acid mine drainage|which contaminates runoff]]. The improper treatment of mining tailings can result in the leakage of micronutrients into groundwater, soils, and nearby waterways.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Qiao |first1=Pengwei |last2=Wang |first2=Shuo |last3=Li |first3=Jiabin |last4=Zhao |first4=Qianyun |last5=Wei |first5=Yan |last6=Lei |first6=Mei |last7=Yang |first7=Jun |last8=Zhang |first8=Zhongguo |date=2023-01-20 |title=Process, influencing factors, and simulation of the lateral transport of heavy metals in surface runoff in a mining area driven by rainfall: A review |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722062180 |journal=Science of the Total Environment |volume=857 |issue=Pt 1 |pages=159119 |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159119 |pmid=36183764 |bibcode=2023ScTEn.85759119Q |issn=0048-9697|url-access=subscription }}</ref>