Editing Mount Nyiragongo (section)

===2002 eruptions===
Lava lakes reformed in the crater in eruptions in 1982–1983 and 1994.  Another major eruption of the volcano began on 17 January 2002, after several months of increased [[seismology|seismic]] and [[fumarole|fumarolic]] activity.  A {{convert|13|km|mi|adj=on}} [[fissure vent|fissure]] opened in the south flank of the volcano, spreading in a few hours from {{convert|2800|to|1550|m}} elevation and reaching the outskirts of the city of [[Goma]], the provincial capital on the northern shore of [[Lake Kivu]]. Lava streamed from three spatter cones at the end of the fissure and flowed in a stream {{convert|200|to|1000|m}} wide and up to {{convert|2|m|ft|0}} deep through Goma. Warnings had been given and 400,000&nbsp;people were evacuated from the city across the [[Rwanda]]n border into neighbouring [[Gisenyi]] during the eruption. Lava covered the northern end of the runway at [[Goma International Airport]], leaving the southern two-thirds usable, and reached [[Lake Kivu]].<ref name="ERI">{{Cite web|last=Hiroyuki |first=Hamaguchi |title=Cooperative Observations at Nyiragongo Volcano in D.R. of Congo |publisher=Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo |url=http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KAZANKYO/n_report/72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050529232216/http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KAZANKYO/n_report/72.pdf |archive-date=29 May 2005 |url-status=live }}</ref> This raised fears that the lava might cause gas-saturated waters deep in the lake to suddenly rise to the surface, releasing lethally large amounts of [[carbon dioxide]] and [[methane]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Sanders |first=Edmund |date=23 May 2008 |title='Killer Lake' Could Power Rwanda |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-may-23-fg-lake23-story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203151044/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-may-23-fg-lake23-story.html |archive-date=3 December 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>&nbsp;– similar to the [[Lake Nyos disaster|disaster at Lake Nyos]] in [[Cameroon]] in 1986. This did not happen, but volcanologists continue to monitor the area closely.<ref name="BBC"/>

About 245&nbsp;people died in the eruption from [[asphyxiation]] by [[carbon dioxide]] and buildings collapsing due to the lava and earthquakes.<ref name="Death toll">{{cite web |last1=Solana |first1=Carmen |title=Gone with the wind |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2002/jan/31/physicalsciences.highereducation |website=The Guardian |date=31 January 2002 |access-date=4 August 2018}}</ref>  Lava covered 13 percent of Goma, about {{convert|1.8|sqmi}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/democratic-republic-congo-volcano-fact-sheet-13-fiscal-year-fy-2002|title=Democratic Republic of the Congo – Volcano Fact Sheet #13, Fiscal Year (FY) 2002|website=ReliefWeb|author=USAID|date=15 August 2002|access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref> and nearly 120,000&nbsp;people were left [[homeless]].<ref name="Tedesco-2007"/>

Immediately after the eruption stopped, a large number of earthquakes were felt around Goma and Gisenyi. This swarm activity continued for about three months and caused the collapse of more buildings.<ref name="ERI"/>

Six months after the start of the 2002 eruption, Nyiragongo volcano erupted again. 

<gallery widths="200" heights="200">
File:Nyiragongo 2002 eruption.jpg|Satellite image of the eruption plume from Nyiragongo in July 2004
File:Lava Lake Nyiragongo 2.jpg|Mount Nyiragongo's lava lake
</gallery>