Editing Multi-speed Europe (section)

== Participation of European countries in non EU-only integration initiatives ==
{{more citations needed|section|date=January 2008}}
{{For|integration activities not initiated by the EU|European integration}}
A number of countries have special relations to the European Union implementing many of its regulations. Prominently there are Norway, Iceland, Switzerland and Liechtenstein which are the only remaining EFTA members while all other former EFTA members have converted into EU members. Through agreements Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein (not including Switzerland) are members of the [[European Economic Area]] since 1994. As a consequence of taking part in the EU single market they need to adopt part of the [[Law of the European Union]]. Formally they would not need to fund the EU government{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} but in practice they have opted to take on their part of financing EU institutions as required by EU law (see [[EEA and Norway Grants]]) with the financial footprint of Norway being equal to that of an EU member since 2009.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} Especially Norway and Iceland are known to forfeit EU membership on the basis of [[Common Fisheries Policy|EU fishery regulations]] that they want to opt out on. Both Norway and Iceland have signed and implemented the Schengen zone agreements from the start. During the turmoils of the financial crisis, Iceland was looking into membership of the Eurozone and it did apply for EU membership in 2009. Norway has joined all EU political treaties{{vague|date=August 2019}} and it has applied to EU membership multiple times but while fulfilling the requirements the membership was rejected by referendums in 1972 and 1994. This leaves Norway to be integrated into Inner Europe's institutions while not being part their governing body.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! 
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:European Union member states and candidates v2.svg|50px]]</div>
!
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:Council of Europe (blue).svg|50px]]</div>
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:Map of the Schengen Area.svg|50px]]</div>
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:Eurozone participation.svg|50px]]</div>
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:EU Customs Union.svg|50px]]</div>
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:European Economic Area member states.svg|50px]]</div>
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:Energy Community Map.svg|50px]]</div>
!
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:European aviation organisations members.svg|50px]]</div>
!
!
!
!
!
!
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:Location ESA member countries.svg|50px]]</div>
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:Prüm Convention.svg|50px]]</div>
! <div style="background-color:#fff;width:50px;margin:auto">[[File:Member states of NATO - Europe.png|50px]]</div>
|-
! Participant
! EU
! [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]]
! [[Council of Europe|CoE]]
! [[Schengen area|Schengen]] 
! [[Eurozone|Euro]]
! [[European Union Customs Union|EUCU]]
! [[European Economic Area|EEA]]
! [[Energy Community]]
! [[Energy Charter Treaty|ECT]]
! [[European Common Aviation Area|ECAA]]
! [[European Environment Agency|EEA]]
! [[European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction|EMCDDA]]
! [[European Maritime Safety Agency|EMSA]]
! [[European Aviation Safety Agency|EASA]]
! [[European Railway Agency|ERA]]
! [[European Defence Agency|EDA]]
! [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
! [[Prüm Convention|Prüm]]
! [[NATO]]
|- 
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Albania}} [[Albania]] || c{{efn|name=EU_candidate_negotiating|EU candidate negotiating}}
|x||x|| || || || ||x||x||x|| || || || || || || || ||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Andorra}} [[Andorra]] ||
|x||x||s||s||x|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Armenia}} [[Armenia]] ||
|x||x|| || || || ||o||x||x|| || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Austria]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Azerbaijan}} [[Azerbaijan]] ||
|x||x|| || || || || || x|| || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Belarus}} [[Belarus]] ||
|x|| || || || || || || x|| || || || || || || || || ||
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Belgium]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] || c
|x||x|| || || || ||x||x||x|| || || || || || || || || 
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Bulgaria]] || x
|x||x||x||c||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|| ||x||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Croatia}} [[Croatia]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|| ||o||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Cyprus}} [[Cyprus]] || x
|x||x||c||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|| ||o||
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Czech Republic}} [[Czech Republic]]|| x
|x||x||x||c||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||o||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Denmark]] || x
|x||x||x|| ||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||o||x
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Estonia}} [[Estonia]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Finland}} [[Finland]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|France}} [[France]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Georgia}} [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] || c
|x||x|| || || || ||x|| x||x|| || || || || || || || ||
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Germany]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Greece}} [[Greece]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||c||x
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Hungary}} [[Hungary]] || x
|x||x||x||c||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Iceland}} [[Iceland]] ||
|x||x||x || || ||x|| ||x||x||x|| ||x|| x|||| || ||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] || x
|x||x|| ||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||o||
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Italy]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||c||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Kazakhstan}} [[Kazakhstan]] ||
|x|| || || || || || || x|| || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Kosovo}} [[Kosovo]] || c{{efn|name=EU_applicant|EU applicant}}
| || ||||x{{efn|name="deFacto"|De facto uses the euro.}} || ||||x|||| x|| || || || || || || ||
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Latvia}} [[Latvia]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|| ||o||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Liechtenstein}} [[Liechtenstein]] ||
|x||x||x|| || ||x|| ||x|| ||x|| || ||x|| || || ||x||
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Lithuania]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|| ||o||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Luxembourg}} [[Luxembourg]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Malta}} [[Malta]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|| ||o||
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Moldova}} [[Moldova]] || c
|x||x|| || || || ||x||x||x|| || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Monaco}} [[Monaco]] ||
|x||x||s||s||x|| || |||| || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Montenegro}} [[Montenegro]] || c{{efn|name=EU_candidate_negotiating}}
|x||x||||x{{efn|name="deFacto"}} || ||||x||x|| x|| || || || || || || || ||x
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Netherlands]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|North Macedonia}} [[North Macedonia]] || c{{efn|name=EU_candidate_negotiating}}
|x||x|| || || || ||x||x||x|| || || || || || || || ||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Norway}} [[Norway]] ||
|x||x||x|| || ||x||o||x||x||x||x||x||x|||| ||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Poland}} [[Poland]] || x
|x||x||x||c||x||x||x||||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||o||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Portugal]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||c||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Romania}} [[Romania]] || x
|x||x||x||c||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russia]] ||
|x|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|San Marino}} [[San Marino]] ||
|x||x||s||s||x || |||| || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Serbia}} [[Serbia]] || c{{efn|name=EU_candidate_negotiating}}
|x||x|| || || || ||x||||x|| || || || || || || || ||
|- 
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Slovakia}} [[Slovakia]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|| ||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Slovenia}} [[Slovenia]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|| ||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Spain]] || x
|x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Sweden]] || x
|x||x||x||c||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||c||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Switzerland}} [[Switzerland]] ||
|x||x||x|| || || || ||x|| ||x|| || ||x|| || ||x||x||
|- 
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Turkey]] || c{{efn|name=EU_candidate_negotiations_frozen|EU candidate negotiations frozen}}
|x||x|| || ||x|| ||o||x|| ||x|| x|| || || || || || ||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Ukraine]] || c
|x||x|| || || || ||x||x|| x|| || || || || || || || ||
|-
| align="left" |{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[United Kingdom]] || 
|x||x|| || || || || ||x|| || || || || || || ||x|| ||x
|-
| align="left" | {{flagicon|Vatican City}} [[Vatican City]] ||
| |x|||o ||s|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
|}
<small>x – member</small><br>
<small>c – conditions to be fulfilled before joining</small><br>
<small>s – unilateral adoption/participation through another state who is a member/some instruments signed, but not yet ratified</small><br>
<small>o – observer</small>