Editing Muscogee language (section)

===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
|+ [[Consonant]] [[phonemes]] of Muscogee<ref name="Martin_a">Martin, 2011, p. 83</ref>
!rowspan=2|
!rowspan=2| [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
!colspan=2| [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
!rowspan=2| [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
!rowspan=2| [[Velar consonant|Velar]]
!rowspan=2| [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
! <small>[[Central consonant|Central]]</small>
! <small>[[Lateral consonant|Lateral]]</small>
|-
! [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| {{IPAlink|m}}
| {{IPAlink|n}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! [[Plosive]]
| {{IPAlink|p}}
| {{IPAlink|t}}
|
| {{IPAlink|tʃ}}
| {{IPAlink|k}}
|
|-
! [[Fricative]]
| {{IPAlink|f}}
| {{IPAlink|s}}
| {{IPAlink|ɬ}}
|
|
| {{IPAlink|h}}
|-
! [[Approximant]]
| {{IPAlink|w}}
|
| {{IPAlink|l}}
| {{IPAlink|j}}
|
|
|}

====Plosives====
There are four voiceless stops in Muscogee: {{IPA|/p t t͡ʃ k/}}. {{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}} is a [[voiceless palatal affricate]] and patterns as a single consonant and so with the other voiceless stops. {{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}} has an [[alveolar consonant|alveolar]] [[allophone]] {{IPAblink|t͡s}} before {{IPA|/k/}}.<ref>Martin, 2011, p.48-49</ref> The [[obstruent]] consonants {{IPA|/p t t͡ʃ k/}} are voiced to {{IPA|[b d d͡ʒ ɡ]}} between [[sonorant]]s and [[vowel]]s but remain voiceless at the end of a [[syllable]].<ref>Martin, 2011, p. 62</ref>

Between instances of {{IPAblink|o}}, or after {{IPA|[o]}} at the end of a syllable, the velar {{IPA|/k/}} is realized as the uvular {{IPAblink|q}} or {{IPAblink|ɢ}}. For example:<ref name="Martin">Martin, 2011, p. 63</ref>
:{|
|''in-co'''k'''o''
|
|'his or her house'
|
|{{IPA|[ɪnd͡ʒʊɢo]}}
|-
|''to'''k'''ná:wa''
|
|'money'
|
|{{IPA|[toqnɑːwə]}}
|}

====Fricatives====
There are four voiceless fricatives in Muscogee: {{IPA|/f s ɬ h/}}. {{IPA|/f/}} can be realized as either labiodental {{IPAblink|f}} or bilabial {{IPAblink|ɸ}} in [[place of articulation]]. Predominantly among speakers in Florida, the articulation of {{IPA|/s/}} is more [[laminal]], resulting in {{IPA|/s/}} being realized as {{IPAblink|ʃ}}, but for most speakers, {{IPA|/s/}} is a voiceless apico-alveolar fricative {{IPAblink|s}}.<ref>Martin, 2011, p. 49</ref>

Like {{IPA|/k/}}, the glottal {{IPA|/h/}} is sometimes realized as the uvular [{{IPA|[[Voiceless uvular fricative|χ]]}}] when it is preceded by {{IPA|[o]}} or when syllable-final:<ref name="Martin" />
:{|
|''o'''h'''-leyk-itá''
|
|'chair'
|
|{{IPA|[oχlejɡɪdə]}}
|-
|''o'''h'''ɬolopi:''
|
|'year'
|
|{{IPA|[oχɬolobiː]}}
|}

====Sonorants====
The sonorants in Muscogee are two nasals ({{IPA|/m/}} and {{IPA|/n/}}), two [[semivowel]]s ({{IPA|/w/}} and {{IPA|/j/}}), and the lateral {{IPA|/l/}}, all [[voice (phonetics)|voiced]].<ref>Martin, 2011, p.49-50</ref> Nasal assimilation occurs in Muscogee: {{IPA|/n/}} becomes {{IPAblink|ŋ}} before {{IPA|/k/}}.<ref name="Martin" />

Sonorants are devoiced when followed by {{IPA|/h/}} in the same syllable and results in a single voiceless consonant:<ref>Martin, 2011, p.64</ref>
:{|
|''ca'''mh'''cá:ka''
|
|'bell'
|
|{{IPA|[t͡ʃəm̥t͡ʃɑːɡə]}}
|-
|''akcá'''wh'''ko''
|
|'a type of water bird'
|
|{{IPA|[ɑkt͡ʃəw̥ko]}}
|}

====Geminates====
All plosives and fricatives in Muscogee can be [[gemination|geminated]] (lengthened). Some sonorants may also be geminated, but {{IPA|[hh]}} and {{IPA|[mm]}} are less common than other sonorant geminates, especially in roots. For the majority of speakers, except for those influenced by the [[Alabama language|Alabama]] or [[Koasati language|Koasati]] languages, the geminate {{IPA|[ww]}} does not occur.<ref name="Martin_b">Martin, 2011, p. 51</ref>