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Nanda Devi
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===Subsequent climbs=== [[File:Nanda Devi from Kausani.JPG|thumb|right|The southwest side of Nanda Devi photographed from [[Kausani]]]] A difficult new route, the northwest buttress, was climbed by a 13-person team in 1976. Three Americans, [[John Roskelley]], Jim States and [[Louis Reichardt]], summited on 1 September. The expedition was co-led by Reichardt, [[H. Adams Carter]] (who was on the 1936 climb,) and [[Willi Unsoeld]], who climbed the West Ridge of Everest in 1963. Unsoeld's daughter, Nanda Devi Unsoeld, who was named after the peak, died on this expedition.<ref name="ndu">J. Roskelley, ''Nanda Devi: The Tragic Expedition'' (The Mountaineers Books, 2000) {{ISBN|0-89886-739-8}}</ref><ref name=AAJ1977>{{cite aaj|title=Nanda Devi from the North|article_id=12197700100|author1=Reichardt, Louis F.|author2=Unsoeld, William F.|year=1977|access-date=2025-01-02}}</ref> She had been suffering from "diarrhea and flare-up of an [[inguinal hernia]], which had shown up originally on the second day of the approach march", and had been at {{convert|7200|m|ft}} for nearly five days.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://footlesscrow.blogspot.com/2013/04/darkness-at-noonthe-life-and-death-of.html|title=Darkness at Noon: The life and death of Nanda Devi Unsoeld |author=Unsoeld, Willie|work=THE AMERICAN ALPINE JOURNAL |date=1977}}</ref> In 1980, the [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers]] made an unsuccessful attempt.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}} This was followed in 1981 by another Indian Army expedition of the [[Parachute Regiment (India)|Parachute Regiment]], which attempted both main and eastern peaks simultaneously. The expedition had placed a memorial to Nanda Devi Unsoeld at the high altitude meadow of Sarson Patal prior to the attempt. The successful attempt lost all its summiteers.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}} In 1993, a 40-member team of the Indian Army from the [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers|Corps of Engineers]] was given special permission. The aim of the expedition was multifold: to carry out an ecological survey, clean up the refuse left behind by previous expeditions, and scale the summit. The team led by Lt Col V.K. Bhatt included a number of wildlife scientists and ecologists from [[Wildlife Institute of India]], [[SΓ‘lim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History|Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology]] and Natural History, [[World Wide Fund for Nature]] and Govind Ballabh Pant Institute for Himalayan Environment and Development amongst others. The expedition carried out a comprehensive ecological survey and removed from the park, by porter and helicopter, over 1,000 kilogrammes of litter. Additionally, five summiteers reached the summit: Amin Naik, Anand Swaroop, G. K. Sharma, Didar Singh and S. P. Bhatt.<ref name="sanan">Sanan, Deepak (1995) ''Nandadevi β Restoring Glory'' Sapper Adventure Foundation & Wiley Eastern Limited {{ISBN|81-224-0752-8}}</ref>
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