Editing October 23 (section)

===1901–present===
*[[1906]] &ndash; [[Alberto Santos-Dumont]] flies an [[airplane]] in the first [[heavier-than-air flight]] in Europe.
*[[1911]] &ndash; The [[Italo-Turkish War]] sees the first use of an airplane in combat when an Italian pilot makes a reconnaissance flight.
*[[1912]] &ndash; [[First Balkan War]]: The [[Battle of Kumanovo]] between the Serbian and Ottoman armies begins.
*[[1923]] &ndash; [[German October]]: Due to a miscommunication with the party leadership, a militant section of the [[Communist Party of Germany]] launches [[Hamburg Uprising|an insurrection in Hamburg]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Peterson |first=Larry |date=1983 |title=A Social Analysis of KPD Supporters: The Hamburg Insurrectionaries of October 2023 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44581887 |journal=[[International Review of Social History]] |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=200–239 |doi=10.1017/S002085900000763X |jstor=44581887}}</ref>
*[[1924]] &ndash; [[Second Zhili–Fengtian War]]: Warlord [[Feng Yuxiang]], with the covert support of the [[Empire of Japan]], [[1924 Beijing Coup|stages a coup in Beijing]] against his erstwhile superiors in the [[Zhili clique]], crippling their nearly victorious war effort against the [[Fengtian clique]] and forcing them to withdraw from northern China.<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Waseda-Hida |first=Kyoko |date=2012 |title=Japanese Intelligence and Imperial Diplomacy in 1920s China |degree=PhD |publisher=University of Pennsylvania}}</ref>
*[[1927]] &ndash; The [[Imatra (cinema)|Imatra Cinema]] is destroyed in a fire in [[Tampere]], [[Finland]], during showing the 1924 film ''[[Wages of Virtue]]''; 21 people die in the fire and almost 30 are injured.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Yli 20 ihmisuhria vaatinut elokuvateatteripalo|magazine=[[Aamulehti]]|date=October 24, 1927|number=287|page=1|language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[Adolf Hitler]] and [[Francisco Franco]] [[Meeting at Hendaye|meet at Hendaye]] to discuss the possibility of [[Spain during World War II|Spain entering the Second World War]].<ref>[[Stanley G. Payne]], ''Franco and Hitler: Spain, Germany, and World War II'', Yale University Press, 2008. {{ISBN|978-0300122824}}</ref>
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: [[Nazi Germany]] prohibits [[Jews]] from emigrating, including in its [[German-occupied Europe|occupied territories]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=1941: Key Dates|url=https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/1941-key-dates|access-date=2022-01-17|website=encyclopedia.ushmm.org|language=en}}</ref>
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: Allied forces commence the [[Second Battle of El Alamein]], which proves to be the key turning point in the North African campaign.
*  1942   &ndash; All 12 passengers and crewmen aboard [[American Airlines Flight 28]] are killed when it collides with a [[United States Army Air Forces|U.S. Army Air Force]] bomber near [[Palm Springs, California]].
*  1942   &ndash; World War II: The [[Battle for Henderson Field]] begins on Guadalcanal.
*[[1944]] &ndash; World War II: The [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] begins.
*[[1955]] &ndash; Prime Minister [[Ngo Dinh Diem|Ngô Đình Diệm]] defeats former emperor [[Bảo Đại]] in a [[1955 State of Vietnam referendum|referendum]] and founds the [[South Vietnam|Republic of Vietnam]].
*[[1955]] &ndash; The people of the [[Saarland|Saar region]] vote in a [[1955 Saar Statute referendum|referendum]] to unite with [[West Germany]] instead of [[French Fourth Republic|France]].
*[[1956]] &ndash; Secret police shoot several anti-communist protesters, igniting the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956|Hungarian Revolution]].
*[[1958]] &ndash; Canada's [[Springhill mining disasters#1958 bump|Springhill mining disaster]] kills seventy-five miners, while ninety-nine others are rescued.
*  1958   &ndash; [[Belgium|Belgian]] artist [[Peyo]]'s comic characters, [[the Smurfs]], make their debut in [[Spirou (magazine)|Spirou]] magazine.<ref>{{cite magazine |last= Gajanan|first= Mahita|date= 23 October 2018|title= What to Know About the Rise and Fall of the Theory That the Smurfs Are Communists|url= https://time.com/5431298/are-the-smurfs-communist/|magazine= Time Magazine|location= New York City, NY|publisher= Time Magazine|access-date= 23 October 2023}}</ref>
*  [[1959]] &ndash; [[Aeroflot Flight 200]] crashes while attempting to land at [[Vnukovo International Airport]], killing 28.<ref>{{cite web |title=Il-14M c/n 6341709 |url=https://www.scramble.nl/database/soviet/details/81_57117  |website=Soviet Transport Database}}</ref>
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Vietnam War]]: The [[1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile)]], in conjunction with the [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]], launches an operation seeking to destroy Communist forces during the [[siege of Plei Me]].
*[[1970]] &ndash; [[Gary Gabelich]] sets a land speed record in a rocket-powered automobile called the [[Blue Flame]], fueled with [[natural gas]].
*[[1972]] &ndash; Vietnam War: [[Operation Linebacker]], a US bombing campaign against [[North Vietnam]] in response to its [[Easter Offensive]], ends after five months.
*[[1978]] &ndash; [[Aeroflot Flight 6515]] crashes off [[Syvash]], killing all 26 people aboard.<ref name="airdisaster.ru">{{cite web |title=Катастрофа Ан-24Б Северо-Кавказского УГА над заливом Сиваш |trans-title=An-24B crash of the North Caucasus UGA over the Sivash Bay |url=http://www.airdisaster.ru/database.php?id=39 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122071847/http://airdisaster.ru/database.php?id=39 |archive-date=2013-01-22 |access-date=2013-04-28 |website=airdisaster.ru |language=ru}}</ref>
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Miracle Valley shootout|A gunfight breaks out]] between police officers and members of a religious cult in Arizona. The shootout leaves two cultists dead and dozens of cultists and police officers injured. 
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Lebanese Civil War]]: The [[United States Marine Corps|U.S. Marines Corps]] barracks in Beirut is [[1983 Beirut barracks bombing|hit by a truck bomb]], killing 241 U.S. military personnel.  A [[French Army]] barracks in Lebanon is also hit that same morning, killing 58 troops.
*[[1989]] &ndash; [[End of communism in Hungary (1989)|The Hungarian Republic officially replaces]] the communist [[Hungarian People's Republic]].
*  1989   &ndash; Bankruptcy of [[Wärtsilä Marine]], the biggest bankruptcy in the Nordic countries up until then.
*  1989   &ndash; [[Phillips disaster of 1989|An explosion at the Houston Chemical Complex]] in [[Pasadena, Texas]], which registered a 3.5 on the [[Richter magnitude scale]], kills 23 and injures 314.<ref name="FEMA: TR-035 Phillips Petroleum Chemical Plant Explosion and Fire">[https://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/pdf/publications/tr-035.pdf Phillips Petroleum Chemical Plant Explosion and Fire Pasadena, Texas] {{webarchive|date=8 March 2003|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030308170214/https://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/pdf/publications/tr-035.pdf}}</ref>
*[[1991]] &ndash; Signing of the [[1991 Paris Peace Accords|Paris Peace Accords]] which ends the [[Cambodian–Vietnamese War]].
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[The Troubles]]: A [[Provisional Irish Republican Army|Provisional IRA]] bomb [[Shankill Road bombing|prematurely detonates]] in [[Belfast]], killing the bomber and nine civilians. 
*[[1995]] &ndash; [[Yolanda Saldívar]] is found guilty of first-degree murder in the [[Murder of Selena|shooting death]] of popular Latin singer [[Selena]].
*[[1998]] &ndash; [[Israel]] and the [[Palestinian National Authority|Palestinian Authority]] sign the [[Wye River Memorandum]].
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Apple Computer]] releases the [[iPod]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Apple Fast Facts|url=https://www.cnn.com/2014/07/01/business/apple-fast-facts/index.html|access-date=2022-01-12|website=CNN|date=July 2014 }}</ref>
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Second Chechen War]]: [[Chechen Republic of Ichkeria|Chechen separatist]] terrorists [[Moscow theater hostage crisis|seize]] the House of Culture theater in Moscow and take approximately 700 theater-goers hostage.
*[[2004]] &ndash; A powerful [[2004 Chūetsu earthquake|earthquake]] and its aftershocks hit [[Niigata Prefecture]] in northern Japan, killing 35 people, injuring 2,200, and leaving 85,000 homeless or evacuated.
*[[2007]] &ndash; A storm causes the Mexican [[Kab 101]] oil platform to collide with a wellhead, leading to the death and drowning of 22 people during rescue operations after evacuation of the platform.
*2007   &ndash; [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] is launched on [[STS-120]], with [[Pamela Melroy]] becoming the second female space shuttle commander.<ref name="lat">{{cite news |author=Johnson Jr. |first=John |date=October 24, 2007 |title=Shuttle embarks on busy mission |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2007/oct/24/science/sci-shuttle24 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090324084716/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/oct/24/science/sci-shuttle24 |archive-date=March 24, 2009 |access-date=October 23, 2007 |work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref>
*[[2011]] &ndash; A powerful 7.2 magnitude [[2011 Van earthquakes|earthquake]] strikes [[Van Province|Van Province, Turkey]], killing 582 people and injuring thousands.
*  2011   &ndash; The Libyan [[National Transitional Council]] deems the [[Libyan civil war (2011)|Libyan Civil War]] over.
*[[2015]] &ndash; The lowest [[sea-level pressure]] in the [[Western Hemisphere]], and the highest reliably-measured non-tornadic sustained winds, are recorded in [[Hurricane Patricia]], which strikes Mexico hours later, killing at least 13 and causing over $280&nbsp;million in damages.
*[[2017]] &ndash; [[War against the Islamic State]]: [[Philippines|Philippine]] defense secretary [[Delfin Lorenzana]] declares the end of the [[Siege of Marawi]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Villamor |first=Felipe |date=23 October 2017 |title=As Mattis Arrives in Philippines, Mop-Up in Marawi Is Declared Over |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/23/world/asia/philippines-mattis-marawi-isis.html |access-date=24 October 2023}}</ref>
*[[2020]] &ndash; [[Libyan civil war (2014–2020)|Second Libyan Civil War]]: The Second Libyan Civil War comes to an end as all parties to the 5+5 Joint Libyan Military Commission agree to a ceasefire.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Cumming-Bruce |first1=Nick |last2=Walsh |first2=Declan |date=23 October 2020 |title=Libya Cease-Fire Raises Hopes for Full Peace Deal |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/23/world/middleeast/libya-ceasefire.html |access-date=23 October 2023}}</ref>
*[[2022]] &ndash; [[Xi Jinping]] is elected as [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party]] by the [[Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|Central Committee]], beginning a third term of the [[paramount leader]] of [[China]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Xi Jinping elected general secretary of CPC Central Committee: communique|url=https://english.news.cn/20221023/289564cb819a4af2ba3cb6fb1cad5177/c.html|work=Xinhua|date=2022-10-23|access-date=2022-10-23}}</ref>
* 2022 &ndash; [[Myanmar Air Force]] airstrikes a concert in [[Hpakant Township]], Kachin state killing at least 80 people, including senior [[Kachin Independence Organisation]] officials, in the [[Hpakant massacre]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Paddock |first= Richard |date=2022-10-25|work=[[The New York Times]] |title=Airstrike Kills at Least 80 During Outdoor Concert in Myanmar |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/25/world/asia/myanmar-coup-concert-killed.html}}</ref>