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Open theism
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===After 1980=== The term "open theism" was introduced in 1980 with theologian [[Richard Rice (theologian)|Richard Rice]]'s book ''The Openness of God: The Relationship of Divine Foreknowledge and Human Free Will''. The broader articulation of open theism was given in 1994, when five essays were published by evangelical scholars (including Rice) under the title ''The Openness of God''. Recent theologians of note expressing this view include: [[Clark Pinnock]] (deceased as of 2010), [[Gregory A. Boyd|Greg Boyd]], [[Thomas Jay Oord]], [[John E. Sanders]], [[Dallas Willard]], [[Jürgen Moltmann]], [[Richard Rice (theologian)|Richard Rice]], [[C. Peter Wagner]], [[John Polkinghorne]], [[Hendrikus Berkhof]], Adrio Konig, Harry Boer, Bethany Sollereder, Matt Parkins, Thomas Finger (Mennonite), W. Norris Clarke (Roman Catholic), Brian Hebblethwaite, Robert Ellis, Kenneth Archer (Pentecostal), Barry Callen (Church of God), Henry Knight III, Gordon Olson, and [[Winkie Pratney]]. A significant, growing number of philosophers of religion affirm it: [[Peter Van Inwagen]], [[Richard Swinburne]] ([[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]]), [[William Hasker]], [[David Basinger]], [[Nicholas Wolterstorff]], [[Dean Zimmerman (philosopher)|Dean Zimmerman]], Timothy O'Connor, James D. Rissler, Keith DeRose, Richard E. Creel, Robin Collins (philosopher/theologian/physicist), [[J. R. Lucas]], [[Vincent Brümmer]], ([[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]), [[Richard Purtill]], Alan Rhoda, Jeffrey Koperski, Dale Tuggy, and [[Keith Ward]]. Biblical scholars [[Terence E. Fretheim]], Karen Winslow, and [[John Goldingay]] affirm it. Others include writers [[Madeleine L'Engle]] and [[Paul C. Borgman]], mathematician [[D.J. Bartholomew]] and biochemist/theologian [[Arthur Peacocke]].<ref>To see documentation to verify most of the people on this list see John Sanders, ''The God Who Risks: A Theology of Divine Providence'', revised edition (InterVarsity press, 2007) 166-169.</ref>
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