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Pacemaker potential
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==Induction== The firing of the pacemaker cells is induced electrically by reaching the threshold potential of the cell membrane. The [[threshold potential]] is the potential an excitable cell membrane, such as a [[myocyte]], must reach in order to induce an action potential.<ref>{{cite book | last = Campbell | first = Neil. A | title = Biology | url = https://archive.org/details/biologycamp00camp | url-access = registration | publisher = Benjamin Cummings | year = 1996 | page = Gβ21 | isbn = 978-0-07-366175-9 }}</ref> This [[depolarization]] is caused by very small net inward currents of calcium ions across the cell membrane, which gives rise to the action potential.<ref name="pmid19181406">{{cite journal |last1=Verkerk |first1=Arie O. |last2=van Ginneken |first2=Antoni C.G. |last3=Wilders |first3=Ronald |title=Pacemaker activity of the human sinoatrial node: Role of the hyperpolarization-activated current, If |journal=International Journal of Cardiology |date=March 2009 |volume=132 |issue=3 |pages=318β336 |doi=10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.12.196 |pmid=19181406 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Boron | first = Walter. F |author2=Emile Boulpaep | title = Medical Physiology | publisher = Elsevier Saunders | year = 2003 | page = 487 | isbn = 978-0-7216-0076-5 }}</ref>
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