Editing Participle (section)

===Tense===
Participles are often used to form certain [[grammatical tense]]s or [[grammatical aspect]]s. The two types of participle in Modern English are termed '''present participle''' and '''past participle''', respectively (often also referred to as the ''-ing form'' and ''-ed/-en form'').<ref>Crystal, David. (2008). ''A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics'' (6th ed.), pp. 351-352. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.</ref> The traditional terms are misleading because the participles do not necessarily correspond to tense:<ref>Huddleston, Rodney. (2002). In Rodney Huddleston & Geoffrey K. Pullum (Eds.), ''The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language'' (pp. 78-81). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.</ref> the present participle is often associated with the progressive (continuous) aspect, while the past participle is linked with the perfect aspect or passive voice. See the examples below:

*They were just '''standing''' there.<ref>Participles – Present, Past and Perfect. ''Lingolia''. Retrieved from https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/verbs/participles</ref>
*By the time you get home, I will have '''cleaned''' the house.<ref>Hewings, Martin. (2005). Future continuous and future perfect (continuous). In ''Advanced Grammar in Use'' (2nd ed.), p. 22. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.</ref>

The first sentence is in the past tense (''were''), but a present participle expresses the progressive aspect (''be standing''). The second sentence is in the future tense (''will''), but a past participle is used for the perfect aspect (''have cleaned'').