Editing Pergolide (section)

==Side effects==
The drug is in decreasing use, as it was reported in 2003 to be associated with a form of heart disease called [[cardiac fibrosis]].<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.tga.gov.au/adr/aadrb/aadr0408.htm | date = August 2004 | title = Cardiac valvulopathy with pergolide | author = ADRAC | journal = Aust Adv Drug React Bull | volume = 23 | issue = 4 | author-link = Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071215145351/http://www.tga.gov.au/adr/aadrb/aadr0408.htm | archive-date = 2007-12-15 }}</ref> In 2007, the United States [[Food and Drug Administration]] announced a voluntary withdrawal of the drug by manufacturers due to the possibility of heart valve damage.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PublicHealthAdvisories/ucm051285.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090622095857/http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PublicHealthAdvisories/ucm051285.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = June 22, 2009 | work = Public Health Advisory | title = Pergolide (marketed as Permax) }}</ref> Pergolide is not currently available in the United States for human use. This problem is thought to be due to pergolide's action at the 5-HT<sub>2B</sub> serotonin receptors of cardiac myocytes, causing proliferative valve disease by the same mechanism as [[ergotamine]], [[methysergide]], [[fenfluramine]], and other serotonin 5-HT<sub>2B</sub> agonists, including serotonin itself when elevated in the blood in [[carcinoid syndrome]]. Pergolide can rarely cause [[Raynaud's phenomenon]]. Among similar antiparkinsonian drugs, [[cabergoline]], but not [[lisuride]], exhibit this same type of serotonin receptor binding.<ref>Jähnichen S, Horowski R, Pertz H. {{cite web|url= http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~hpertz/Presentation001.pdf |title="Pergolide and Cabergoline But not Lisuride Exhibit Agonist Efficacy at Serotonin 5-HT<sub>2B</sub> Receptors". }}&nbsp;{{small|(515&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}} Presentation. Retrieved on 2007-03-30.</ref> In January 2007, [[cabergoline]] (Dostinex) was also reported to be associated with valvular proliferation heart damage.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schade R, Andersohn F, Suissa S, Haverkamp W, Garbe E | title = Dopamine agonists and the risk of cardiac-valve regurgitation | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 356 | issue = 1 | pages = 29–38 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 17202453 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa062222 | doi-access = free }}</ref> In March 2007, pergolide was withdrawn from the U.S. market for human use due to serious valvular damage that was shown in two independent studies.<ref name="FDAwithdraw">{{cite web | url = https://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2007/safety07.htm#Pergolide | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070110015405/http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2007/safety07.htm#Pergolide | url-status = dead | archive-date = January 10, 2007 | title = MedWatch - 2007 Safety Information Alerts. Permax (pergolide) and generic equivalents | publisher = U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] | date = March 29, 2007 | access-date = 2007-03-30}}</ref>

Pergolide has also been shown to impair associative learning.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Breitenstein C, Korsukewitz C, Flöel A, Kretzschmar T, Diederich K, Knecht S | title = Tonic dopaminergic stimulation impairs associative learning in healthy subjects | journal = Neuropsychopharmacology | volume = 31 | issue = 11 | pages = 2552–2564 | date = November 2006 | pmid = 16880771 | doi = 10.1038/sj.npp.1301167 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

===Addictive behaviors===
At least one British pergolide user has attracted some media attention with claims that it has caused him to develop a [[gambling addiction]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/7207850.stm | title = Drug 'caused' gambling addiction | work = BBC TV | date = 24 January 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.itv.com/Lifestyle/ThisMorning/Health/Parkinsonsgambler/default.html | title = Parkinson's Gambler | work = ITV.com | date = 5 February 2008 }}</ref> In June 2010, it was reported that more than 100 Australian users of the drug are suing the manufacturer over both gambling and [[sex addiction]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.theage.com.au/national/parkinsons-treatment-linked-to-sex-gambling-20100603-x6y7.html | title = Parkinson's treatment linked to sex, gambling | work = The Age | date = 4 June 2010 }}</ref> problems they claim are the result of the drug's side effects.