Editing Peripatric speciation (section)

=== Quantum and budding speciation ===
The botanist Verne Grant proposed the term quantum speciation that combined the ideas of [[J. T. Gulick]] (his observation of the variation of species in semi-isolation), [[Sewall Wright]] (his models of genetic drift), Mayr (both his peripatric and genetic revolution models), and [[George Gaylord Simpson]] (his development of the idea of [[quantum evolution]]).<ref name="Grant1971">{{Citation|title=Plant Speciation |author=Verne Grant |date=1971 |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=New York |isbn=978-0231083263 |pages=432 }}</ref>{{rp|114}} Quantum speciation is a rapid process with large genotypic or phenotypic effects, whereby a new, cross-fertilizing plant species buds off from a larger population as a semi-isolated peripheral population.<ref>{{Citation|title=Speciational trends and the role of species in macroevolution |author=Douglas J. Futuyma |journal=The American Naturalist |year=1989 |volume=134 |issue=2 |pages=318–321 |doi=10.1086/284983 |bibcode=1989ANat..134..318F |s2cid=84541831 }}</ref><ref name="Grant1971"/>{{rp|114}} Inbreeding and genetic drift take place due to the reduced population size, driving changes to the genome that would most likely result in extinction (due to low adaptive value).<ref name="Grant1971"/>{{rp|115}} In rare instances, chromosomal traits with adaptive value may arise, resulting in the origin of a new, derivative species.<ref name="Gottlieb2003">{{Citation|title=Rethinking classic examples of recent speciation in plants |author=L. D. Gottlieb |journal=New Phytologist |year=2003 |volume=161 |pages=71–82 |doi=10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00922.x |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Chromosomal rearrangements and speciation |author=Loren H. Rieseberg |journal=Trends in Ecology & Evolution |year=2001 |volume=16 |issue=7 |pages=351–358 |doi= 10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02187-5 |pmid=11403867}}</ref> Evidence for the occurrence of this type of speciation has been found in several plant species pairs: ''[[Layia discoidea]]'' and ''[[Layia glandulosa|L. glandulosa]]'', ''[[Clarkia lingulata]]'' and ''[[Clarkia biloba|C. biloba]]'', and ''[[Stephanomeria malheurensis]]'' and ''S. exigua'' ssp. ''coronaria''.<ref name="Gottlieb2003"/>

A closely related model of peripatric speciation is called budding speciation—largely applied in the context of plant speciation.<ref name="Anacker&Strauss2013">{{Citation|title=The geography and ecology of plant speciation: range overlap and niche divergence in sister species |author=Brian L. Anacker and Sharon Y. Strauss |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B |year=2013 |volume=281 |issue=1778 |pages= 20132980|doi=10.1098/rspb.2013.2980 |pmid=24452025 |pmc=3906944 }}</ref> The budding process, where a new species originates at the margins of an ancestral range, is thought to be common in plants<ref name="Anacker&Strauss2013"/>—especially in progenitor-derivative species pairs.<ref>{{Citation|title=Progenitor-derivative species pairs and plant speciation |author=Daniel J. Crawford |journal=Taxon |year=2010 |volume=59 |issue=5 |pages=1413–1423 |doi= 10.1002/tax.595008}}</ref>