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Peruvian rock
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=== 1980s === [[File:Rio - Princesa, 2018.jpg|thumb|Grupo Rio in concert, 2018.]] During the late 1970s and early 1980s, Peruvian rock bands were confined to the underground scene; with no radio or TV support. The half-hour TV show Disco Club led by singer-songwriter Gerardo Manuel (Rojas) was an occasional exception. [[Frágil (band)|Fragil]] released its first LP in 1981. Nevertheless, because of the deep crisis that the country was suffering, Peruvian rockers looked for a way to channel their frustrations. In this environment, it is no surprise that British [[punk rock]] became a major influence to a few young Peruvians rockers of this era, and quickly a small "underground" scene started brewing parallel to the free-again 'mainstream' scene. Bands like [[Leusemia]], [[Narcosis (Peruvian band)|Narcosis]], Autopsia, Guerrilla Urbana, [[Zcuela Crrada]] formed part of the first wave. The members of these bands were mostly from poor neighborhoods, but a few came from upper-class neighborhoods and had learned English in their schools. Bands like [[Frágil (band)|Fragil]], [[Rio (band)|Rio]], [[Miki Gonzales]], [[Pax (band)|Pax]], [[JAS (band)|JAS]], [[Imagenes (band)|Imagenes]], [[Trama (band)|Trama]], [[Danai y Pateandolatas]] came from upper and middle-class backgrounds, uncovering the social division in Peruvian society. According to some scholars (mainly left-wing thinkers), the 'underground' scene was by far richer in creativity, though lacking technical skills; others thought the 'commercial' scene was more worthwhile, since the underground scene only reached a few hundred supporters per concert and was focused in the capital of Lima, being virtually unknown to the rest of the country. Quickly several bands started appearing and creating subgenres within the umbrella 'underground' scene. Radio or TV support was nonexistent for them (the mainstream bands did have some), poverty and lack of technology prevented most bands from recording any moderate-quality material. Despite all this, the present and future looked much brighter than in the 1970s, since these bands, especially the mainstream ones, were pioneers in the rock scene after the 1975–1985 downturn. At the same time, an underground scene of [[death metal]] and [[black metal]] developed in Lima, influenced by European bands. Local bands such as [[Mortem (band)|Mortem]] and [[Kranium]] were formed in the 1980s.
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