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Pi backbonding
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==IUPAC definition of Back Donation== The full [[IUPAC]] definition of back donation is as follows: <blockquote>A description of the bonding of π-conjugated ligands to a transition metal which involves a [[synergy|synergic]] process with donation of electrons from the filled π-orbital or lone electron pair orbital of the ligand into an empty orbital of the metal (donor–acceptor bond), together with release (back donation) of electrons from an ''n''d orbital of the metal (which is of π-symmetry with respect to the metal–ligand axis) into the empty π*-[[antibonding]] orbital of the ligand.<ref>{{cite book |title=IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") |last1 = McNaught |first1= A. D. |first2=A. |last2=Wilkinson |year= 2006 |publisher=Blackwell Scientific Publications |location =Oxford |isbn= 978-0-9678550-9-7 |doi= 10.1351/goldbook }}</ref></blockquote>
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