Editing Poison dart frog (section)

=== Color morphs ===

Some poison dart frogs species include a number of [[conspecific]] [[Polymorphism (biology)|color morphs]] that emerged as recently as 6,000 years ago.<ref name=SummersEtAl99>{{cite journal |doi=10.1098/rspb.1999.0900 |date=Nov 1999 |last1=Summers |first1=K. |author2=Symula, R |author3=Clough, M. |author4=Cronin, T. |title=Visual mate choice in poison frogs|volume=266 |issue=1434 |pages=2141–5 |pmid=10649631|pmc=1690338 |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences}}</ref> Therefore, species such as ''[[Dendrobates tinctorius]]'', ''[[Oophaga pumilio]]'', and ''[[Oophaga granulifera]]'' can include color pattern morphs that can be interbred (colors are under [[polygenic]] control, while the actual patterns are probably controlled by a single [[locus (genetics)|locus]]).<ref name="summers">{{cite journal |last1=Summers |first1=K. |author2=Cronin T. W. |author3=Kennedy T. |year=2004 |title=Cross-breeding of distinct color morphs of the strawberry poison frog (''Dendrobates pumilio'') from the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Panama |journal=Journal of Herpetology |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1670/51-03A |s2cid=86202846 }}</ref> Differing coloration has historically misidentified single species as separate, and there is still controversy among [[taxonomist]]s over [[Biological classification|classification]].<ref>{{cite journal
|last1=Kok |first1=P. J. R. |author2=MacCulloch, R. D. |author3=Gaucher, P. |author4=Poelman, E. H. |author5=Bourne, G. R. |author6=Lathrop, A. |author7=Lenglet, G. L. |year=2006 |title=A new species of ''Colostethus'' (Anura, Dendrobatidae) from French Guiana with a redescription of ''Colostethus beebei'' (Noble, 1923) from its type locality |journal=Phyllomedusa |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=43–66 |url=http://www.phyllomedusa.esalq.usp.br/articles/volume5/number1/514366.pdf |doi=10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v5i1p43-66 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Variation in predation regimens may have influenced the evolution of polymorphism in ''Oophaga granulifera'',<ref name=j3>{{cite journal |last=Wang |first=I. J.|title=Inversely related aposematic traits: reduced conspicuousness evolves with increased toxicity in a polymorphic poison-dart frog |journal=Evolution |year=2011 |volume=65 |pages=1637–1649 |doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01257.x |pmid=21644954 |issue=6 |s2cid=23855070 |doi-access=free }}</ref> while [[sexual selection]] appears to have contributed to differentiation among the Bocas del Toro populations of ''[[Oophaga pumilio]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Maan |first=M. E. |author2=M. E. Cummings |title=female preferences for aposematic signal components in a polymorphic poison frog |journal=Evolution |year=2008 |volume=62 |pages=2234–2345 |pmid=18616568 |doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00454.x |issue=9 |s2cid=34114372 |doi-access=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Reynolds |first=R. G. |author2=B. M. Fitzpatrick |journal=Evolution |year=2007 |volume=61 |pages=2253–2259 |doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00174.x |pmid=17767594 |title=Assortative mating in poison-dart frogs based on an ecologically important trait |issue=9 |s2cid=673233 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Tazzyman |first=I. J. |author2=Y. Iwassa |journal=Evolution |year=2010 |volume=64 |pages=1719–1728 |doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00923.x |pmid=20015236 |title=Sexual selection can increase the effect of random genetic drift – a quantitative genetic model of polymorphism in ''Oophaga pumilio'', the strawberry poison-dart frog |issue=6 |s2cid=37757687 |doi-access= }}</ref>