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Poppy
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==History== ''Papaver somniferum'' was domesticated by [[Old Europe (archaeology)|the indigenous people]] of Western and Central Europe between 6000 and 3500 BC.<ref>{{cite book |author=Jared Diamond |author-link=Jared Diamond |date=1997 |title=Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies |publisher=W W Norton & Co |isbn=978-0-393-03891-0 |page=101 |title-link=Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies}}</ref> However, it is believed that its origins may come from the [[Sumer|Sumerian people]], where the first use of opium was recognized.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brownstein |first=M J |date=15 June 1993 |title=A brief history of opiates, opioid peptides, and opioid receptors. |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=90 |issue=12 |pages=5391β5393 |issn=0027-8424 |pmid=8390660 |pmc=46725 |doi=10.1073/pnas.90.12.5391 |bibcode=1993PNAS...90.5391B |doi-access=free}}</ref> Poppies and opium made their way around the world along the [[Silk Road|silk road]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.deamuseum.org/ccp/opium/history.html |title=Opium Poppy: History |website=www.deamuseum.org |language=en |access-date=20 November 2018}}</ref> Juglets resembling poppy seed pods have been discovered with trace amounts of opium and the flower appeared in jewelry and on art pieces in Ancient Egypt, dated 1550β1292 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/3198 |title=Brooklyn Museum |website=www.brooklynmuseum.org |access-date=20 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://melbakes.pl/baza-wiedzy/pochodzenie-i-historia-maku/ |title=Pochodzenie i historia maku - Baza wiedzy - Melbake's - Najlepsze ziarna |website=melbakes.pl |language=pl-PL |access-date=20 November 2018}}</ref> The eradication of poppy cultivation came about in the early 1900s through international conferences due to safety concerns associated with the production of opium. In the 1970s the American [[war on drugs]] targeted [[Turkey|Turkish]] production of the plant, leading to a more negative popular opinion of the U.S.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Evered |first=Kyle T. |date=7 September 2011 |title=Poppies Are Democracy!" A Critical Geopolitics of Opium Eradication and Reintroduction in Turkey |journal=Geographical Review |language=en |volume=101 |issue=3 |pages=299β315 |doi=10.1111/j.1931-0846.2011.00098.x |pmid=22164875 |s2cid=27615959 |issn=0016-7428}}</ref>
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