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Prostate
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===Gene and protein expression=== {{Further|Bioinformatics#Gene and protein expression}} About 20,000 [[protein-coding genes]] are expressed in human cells and almost 75% of these genes are expressed in the normal prostate.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The human proteome in prostate – The Human Protein Atlas |url=https://www.proteinatlas.org/humanproteome/prostate |access-date=2017-09-26 |website=www.proteinatlas.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Uhlén |first1=Mathias |last2=Fagerberg |first2=Linn |last3=Hallström |first3=Björn M. |last4=Lindskog |first4=Cecilia |last5=Oksvold |first5=Per |last6=Mardinoglu |first6=Adil |last7=Sivertsson |first7=Åsa |last8=Kampf |first8=Caroline |last9=Sjöstedt |first9=Evelina |date=2015-01-23 |title=Tissue-based map of the human proteome |journal=Science |volume=347 |issue=6220 |pages=1260419 |doi=10.1126/science.1260419 |issn=0036-8075 |pmid=25613900 |s2cid=802377}}</ref> About 150 of these genes are more specifically expressed in the prostate, with about 20 genes being highly prostate specific.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=O'Hurley |first1=Gillian |last2=Busch |first2=Christer |last3=Fagerberg |first3=Linn |last4=Hallström |first4=Björn M. |last5=Stadler |first5=Charlotte |last6=Tolf |first6=Anna |last7=Lundberg |first7=Emma |last8=Schwenk |first8=Jochen M. |last9=Jirström |first9=Karin |date=2015-08-03 |title=Analysis of the Human Prostate-Specific Proteome Defined by Transcriptomics and Antibody-Based Profiling Identifies TMEM79 and ACOXL as Two Putative, Diagnostic Markers in Prostate Cancer |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=10 |issue=8 |pages=e0133449 |bibcode=2015PLoSO..1033449O |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0133449 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=4523174 |pmid=26237329 |doi-access=free}}</ref> The corresponding specific proteins are expressed in the glandular and secretory cells of the prostatic gland and have functions that are important for the characteristics of [[semen]], including prostate-specific [[protein]]s, such as the [[Prostate-specific antigen|prostate specific antigen (PSA)]], and the [[prostatic acid phosphatase]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kong |first1=HY |last2=Byun |first2=J |date=January 2013 |title=Emerging roles of human prostatic Acid phosphatase. |journal=Biomolecules & Therapeutics |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=10–20 |doi=10.4062/biomolther.2012.095 |pmc=3762301 |pmid=24009853 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
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