Editing Reporters Without Borders (section)

==Advocacy==
===World Press Freedom Index===
[[File:Press freedom 2025.svg|400px|thumb|
'''2025 Press Freedom Index'''<ref>{{cite web |year=2025 |title=2025 World Press Freedom Index |url=https://rsf.org/en/index |work=Reporters Without Borders}}</ref>
{{legend|#005F9A|Good}}
{{legend|#8EB0D6|Satisfactory}}
{{legend|#FFB035|Problematic}}
{{legend|#FF3022|Difficult}}
{{legend|#83000B|Very serious}}
{{legend|#DCDCDC|Not classified}}]]

{{Main|Press Freedom Index}}

=== Information and Democracy Initiative ===
In 2018, RSF launched the Information and Democracy Commission to introduce new guarantees for freedom of opinion and expression in the global space of information and communication. In a joint mission statement, the commission's presidents, RSF secretary-general [[Christophe Deloire]] and Nobel laureate [[Shirin Ebadi]] identified a range of factors currently threatening that freedom. This includes: political control of the media, subjugation of news and information to private interests, the growing influence of corporate actors, online mass disinformation and the erosion of quality journalism.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/lettre_de_mission_id.pdf|title=Information and Democracy Commission LETTRE DE MISSION|last=Ebadi, Shirin|first=et Christophe Deloire|date=20 July 2018|website=Reporters Without Borders|access-date=18 February 2020|archive-date=18 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218175619/https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/lettre_de_mission_id.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

This Commission published the International Declaration on Information and Democracy to state principles, define objectives and propose forms of governance for the global online space for information and communication.<ref name="RSF-2019">{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/declaration|title=RSF Declaration|website=RSF|date=22 August 2019|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174221/https://rsf.org/en/declaration|url-status=live}}</ref> The Declaration emphasised that corporate entities with a structural function in the global space have duties, especially as regards political and ideological neutrality, pluralism and accountability. It called for recognition of the right to information that is diverse, independent and reliable in order to form opinions freely and participate fully in the democratic debate.<ref name="RSF-2019" />

At the [[Paris Peace Forum]] in 2018, 12 countries launched a political process aimed at providing democratic guarantees for news and information and freedom of opinion, based on the principles set out in the Declaration.<ref name="RSF-2019" />

=== Journalism Trust Initiative ===
{{See also|The Trust Project}}
RSF launched the Journalism Trust Initiative (JTI) in 2018 with its partners the [[European Broadcasting Union]] (EBU), [[Agence France-Presse]] (AFP) and the [[Global Editors Network]] (GEN). JTI defines indicators for trustworthy journalism and rewards compliance, bringing tangible benefits for all media outlets and supporting them in creating a healthy space for information. JTI distinguishes itself from similar initiatives by focusing on the process of journalism rather than content alone. Media outlets will be expected to comply with standards that include transparency of ownership, sources of revenue and proof of a range of professional safeguards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-and-partners-launch-public-consultation-journalism-trust-initiative|title=RSF and partners launch a public consultation on the Journalism Trust Initiative|date=2 March 2020|website=RSF|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=15 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115172848/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-and-partners-launch-public-consultation-journalism-trust-initiative|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-23 |title=Colorado Public Radio First U.S. Media to Obtain Journalism Trust Initiative Certification from Alliance for Audited Media |url=https://www.cpr.org/press-release/colorado-public-radio-first-u-s-media-to-obtain-journalism-trust-initiative-certification-from-alliance-for-audited-media/ |access-date=2025-05-02 |website=Colorado Public Radio |language=en}}</ref>

=== Actions ===
RSF's defence of journalistic freedom includes international missions, the publication of country reports, training of journalists and public protests.

In this function RSF publishes the [[Munich Charter]], an authoritative document which clarifies the "Rights and Obligations" of Journalists. The Charter was developed by the [[Deutscher Journalisten-Verband|German Journalist Association]], published in Munich 1971, and is accepted as authoritative within the profession. It was later adopted by most journalists' unions in Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://training.rsf.org/appendix-iii-declaration-of-rights-and-obligations-of-journalists/|title=Declaraion of Rights and Obligations of Journalists|website=RSF|access-date=1 August 2023}}</ref>

Recent global advocacy and practical interventions have included: opening a centre for women journalists in Afghanistan in 2017, a creative protest with street-artist C215 in Strasbourg for Turkish journalists in detention, turning off the Eiffel Tower lights in tribute to murdered Saudi journalist [[Jamal Kashoggi]] and providing training to journalists and bloggers in Syria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-opens-first-center-protection-afghan-women-journalists|title=RSF opens first center for the protection of Afghan women journalists|website=RSF|date=6 March 2017|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=9 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709223307/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-opens-first-center-protection-afghan-women-journalists|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/campaigns/turkeys-imprisoned-journalists-pin-hopes-european-court|title=Turkey's imprisoned journalists pin hopes on European Court|website=RSF|date=29 May 2017|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174256/https://rsf.org/en/campaigns/turkeys-imprisoned-journalists-pin-hopes-european-court|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-blacks-out-eiffel-tower-slain-journalists-month-after-khashoggi-death|title=RSF blacks out Eiffel Tower for slain journalists, a month after Khashoggi death|website=RSF|date=November 2018|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174222/https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-blacks-out-eiffel-tower-slain-journalists-month-after-khashoggi-death|url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2018, RSF sent a mission to Saudi Arabia to call for the release of 30 journalists.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/07/media-watchdog-visits-saudi-arabia-free-journalists-190710140441330.html|title=Media watchdog visits Saudi Arabia to free journalists|date=10 July 2019|website=Al Jazeera|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174221/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/07/media-watchdog-visits-saudi-arabia-free-journalists-190710140441330.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The organisation publishes a gallery of Predators of Press Freedom, highlighting the most egregious international violators of press freedom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/portraits/predator?page=1|title=Predators gallery|website=RSF|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=2 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102074508/https://rsf.org/en/portraits/predator?page=1|url-status=live}}</ref> It also maintains an online Press Freedom Barometer, monitoring the number of journalists, media workers and citizen journalists killed or imprisoned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/barometer|title=Barometer|website=RSF|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=21 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221050126/https://rsf.org/en/barometer|url-status=live}}</ref> Its programme Operation Collateral Freedom, launched in 2014, provides alternative access to censored websites by creating mirror sites: 22 sites have been unblocked in 12 countries, including Iran, China, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/collateralfreedom-rsf-unblocks-22-sites-censored-their-own-country|title=#CollateralFreedom: RSF unblocks 22 sites censored in their own country|website=RSF|date=11 March 2019|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-date=27 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927005844/https://rsf.org/en/news/collateralfreedom-rsf-unblocks-22-sites-censored-their-own-country|url-status=live}}</ref> RSF offers grants to journalists at risk and supports media workers in need of refuge and protection.[[File:Can Dündar prix RSF Strasbourg 17 novembre 2015.jpg|thumb|''[[Cumhuriyet]]''<nowiki/>'s former editor-in-chief [[Can Dündar]] receiving the 2015 RSF Prize. Shortly thereafter, he was arrested.]]

=== Prizes ===
RSF's annual Press Freedom Prize, created in 1992, honours courageous and independent journalists who have faced threats or imprisonment for their work and who have challenged the abuse of power. TV5-Monde is a partner in the prize.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}[[File:Tunisia24.jpg|thumb|RWB 2011 Netizen Prize]]A [[Netizen]] Prize was introduced in 2010, in partnership with Google, recognising individuals, including bloggers and cyber-dissidents, who have advanced freedom of information online through investigative reporting or other initiatives.{{cite web |title=Our Prizes RSF |url=https://rsf.org/en/our-prizes#entr0 |date=2024-04-25 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20240425082004/https://rsf.org/en/our-prizes%23entr0 |archivedate=2024-04-25}}

In 2018, RSF launched new categories for the Press Freedom Prize: courage, independence and impact.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}

Every few years, RSF also distributes [[Press freedom predator]] anti-awards.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/7/7/pakistan-imran-khan-press-freedom-predator|title = Pakistan rejects naming of PM Khan as press freedom 'predator' |work=www.aljazeera.com |date=7 July 2021 |access-date=10 February 2023}}</ref>

==== Press Freedom Prizewinners, 1992–2020 ====
* 1992 Zlatko Dizdarevic, Bosnia-Herzegovina
* 1993 [[Wang Juntao]], China
* 1994 [[André Sibomana]], Rwanda
* 1995 [[Chris Anyanwu|Christina Anyanwu]], Nigeria
* 1996 [[Ocak Işık Yurtçu|Isik Yurtçu]], Turkey
* 1997 [[Raúl Rivero]], Cuba
* 1998 [[Nizar Nayyouf]], Syria
* 1999 [[San San Nweh]], Burma
* 2000 {{Interlanguage link|Carmen Gurruchaga|es|Carmen Gurruchaga}}, Spain
* 2001 [[Reza Alijani]], Iran
* 2002 [[Grigory Pasko]], Russia
* 2003 [[Ali Lmrabet]], Morocco; [[Daily News (Harare)|The Daily News]], Zimbabwe; [[Michèle Montas]], Haiti
* 2004 Hafnaoui Ghoul, Algeria;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/hafnaoui-ghoul-freed-provisionally-after-being-held-six-months-libel|title=Hafnaoui Ghoul freed provisionally after being held for six months for libel|date=26 November 2004|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925113935/https://rsf.org/en/news/hafnaoui-ghoul-freed-provisionally-after-being-held-six-months-libel|url-status=live}}</ref> Zeta, Mexico; [[Liu Xiaobo]], China
* 2005 [[Zhao Yan (journalist)|Zhao Yan]], China; [[TOLO (TV channel)|Tolo TV]], Afghanistan; [[National Union of Somali Journalists|National Union of Somalian Journalists]], Somalia; [[Massoud Hamid]], Syria
* 2006 [[Win Tin]], Burma; [[Novaya Gazeta]], Russia; [[Guillermo Fariñas|Guillermo Fariñas Hernández]], Cuba
* 2007 [[Seyoum Tsehaye]], Eritrea; [[Democratic Voice of Burma]], Burma; [[Kareem Amer]], Egypt; [[Hu Jia (activist)|Hu Jia]], [[Zeng Jinyan]], China
* 2008 [[Ricardo González Alfonso|Ricardo Gonzales Alfonso]], Cuba; Radio Free NK, North Korea;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6376561&t=1567603209346&t=1583420693927|title=N. Korean Defectors Fight Regime with the Radio|date=24 October 2006|website=NPR|access-date=5 March 2020}}</ref> [[Zarganar]] and [[Nay Phone Latt]], Burma
* 2009 [[Amira Hass]], Israel; Dosh, Chechnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 December 2009 |title="Reporters Without Borders" award "Dosh" magazine from Chechnya |website=Caucasian Knot |access-date=5 March 2020 |url=http://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.eu/articles/11902/ |archive-date=3 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103072420/http://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.eu/articles/11902/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2010 {{Interlanguage link|Abdolreza Tajik|fa|عبدالرضا تاجیک}}, Iran;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/journalist-abdolreza-tajik-2010-press-freedom-prize-winner-freed-prison|title=Journalist Abdolreza Tajik, 2010 press freedom prize winner, is freed from prison|date=23 December 2010|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925104915/https://rsf.org/en/news/journalist-abdolreza-tajik-2010-press-freedom-prize-winner-freed-prison|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Shabelle Media Network|Radio Shabelle]], Somalia
* 2011 [[Ali Farzat|Ali Ferzat]], Syria; [[Weekly Eleven|Weekly Eleven News]], Burma
* 2012 [[Mazen Darwish]], Syria; 8Sobh, Afghanistan
* 2013 {{Interlanguage link|Muhammad Bekjanov|sv|Muhammad Bekjanov}}, Uzbekistan;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rsf.org/en/news/us-uzbekistan-rsf-welcomes-muhammad-bekjanov-once-worlds-longest-detained-journalist-washington|title=US, Uzbekistan – RSF welcomes Muhammad Bekjanov, once the world's longest-detained journalist, to Washington|date=21 September 2018|website=RSF|access-date=5 March 2020|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729192302/https://rsf.org/en/news/us-uzbekistan-rsf-welcomes-muhammad-bekjanov-once-worlds-longest-detained-journalist-washington|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Uthayan]], Sri Lanka
* 2014 [[Sanjuana Martínez]], Mexico; [[FrontPage Africa]], Liberia; [[Raif Badawi]], Saudi Arabia
* 2015 [[Zaina Erhaim|Zeina Erhaim]], Syria; [[Zone 9 bloggers|Zone9]], Ethiopia; [[Cumhuriyet]], Turkey
* 2016 [[Hadi al-Abdullah|Hadi Abdullah]], Syria; [[64Tianwang]], China; Lu Yuyu and Li Tingyu, China
* 2017 [[Tomasz Piątek]], Poland; {{Interlanguage link|Medyascope|tr|Medyascope}}, Turkey; [[Soheil Arabi]], Iran
* 2018 [[Swati Chaturvedi]], India; [https://hrdworldsummit.org/portfolio-item/matthew-caruana-galizia/, Matthew Caruana Galizia], Malta; [[Inday Espina-Varona]]; Philippines; [[Carole Cadwalladr]], United Kingdom
* 2019 [[Eman al-Nafjan|Eman al Nafjan]], Saudi Arabia; [[Phạm Đoan Trang|Pham Doan Trang]], Vietnam; [[Caroline Muscat]], Malta
* 2020 [[Lina Attalah]], Egypt; [[Elena Milashina]], Belarus; [[Jimmy Lai]], Hong Kong
* 2021 [[Zhang Zhan]], China; [[Pegasus Project (investigation)|Pegasus Project]] of the network [[Forbidden Stories]], France; [[Majdoleen Hassona]], Palestine

==== Netizen Prize ====