Editing Risk factor (section)

==General determinants==
The probability of an outcome usually depends on an interplay between multiple associated variables. When performing [[epidemiological studies]] to evaluate one or more determinants for a specific outcome, the other determinants may act as [[confounding]] factors, and need to be controlled for, e.g. by [[stratification (statistics)|stratification]]. The potentially confounding determinants varies with what outcome is studied, but the following general confounders are common to most epidemiological associations, and are the determinants most commonly controlled for in epidemiological studies:{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}
* Age (0 to 1.5 years for infants, 1.5 to 6 years for young children, etc.)
* Sex or gender (Male or female)<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Abnormal child psychology|last=Mash, Eric J.|others=Wolfe, David A. (David Allen), 1951-|year=2019|isbn=9781337624268|edition= Seventh|location=Boston, MA|oclc=1022139949}}</ref>{{Rp|20}}
* Ethnicity (Based on race)<ref name=":1" />{{Rp|21}}

Other less commonly adjusted for possible confounders include:
* Social status/income<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|39}}
* Geographic location
* Genetic predisposition
* Gender identity
* Occupation
* [[Overwork]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pega |first1=Frank |last2=Nafradi |first2=Balint|last3=Momen |first3=Natalie |last4=Ujita |first4=Yuka |last5=Streicher |first5=Kai |last6=Prüss-Üstün |first6=Annette |last7=Technical Advisory Group |title=Global, regional, and national burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke attributable to exposure to long working hours for 194 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury |journal=Environment International |date=2021 |volume=154 |page=106595 |doi=10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595|pmc=8204267  |issn=0160-4120 |pmid=34011457 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2021EnInt.15406595P }}</ref>
* Sexual orientation
* Level of [[chronic stress]]
* Diet
* Level of [[physical exercise]]
* Alcohol consumption and [[tobacco smoking]]
* Other [[social determinants of health]]