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Roundabout
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=== Spread in Europe and North America since 1970s === * In 1951, Cyprus, British Crown colony back then, adopted the roundabout in the main cities. * In the 1970s, [[France]] and [[Norway]] adopted the modern roundabout.<ref name="Kooman"/> * In 1973, the U.S. city of [[Seattle]] began installing small traffic circles within existing intersections to calm traffic.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hadley |first=Jane |date=22 November 2004 |title=Getting There: Perks for drivers of hybrid cars? Sorry, and here's why not |page=B1 |url=http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/transportation/200597_get22.html |work=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041122203835/http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/transportation/200597_get22.html |archive-date=22 November 2004 |accessdate=29 February 2024}}</ref> {{As of|2021}}, the city has installed over 1,200 traffic circles, primarily in residential neighborhoods.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dahl |first=Doug |date=18 January 2021 |title=With a wink and a nod, a quick left often is drivers' go-to move at calming circles |url=https://www.bellinghamherald.com/news/traffic/rules-of-the-road/article248506375.html |work=[[The Bellingham Herald]] |accessdate=29 February 2024}}</ref> * In 1980, [[Switzerland]] had 19 roundabouts.<ref name="Ourston1995"/> * In 1980, Norway had 15 roundabouts.<ref name="Ourston1995"/> *In the early 1980s, single-lane roundabouts (or mini-roundabouts) were also introduced in the [[Netherlands]].<ref name="Kooman"/> It began in the relatively sparsely populated northern and eastern Netherlands because of fears that the roundabouts would not be able to cope with the traffic density of the [[Randstad]]; however, when it appeared the single-lane roundabouts had an even higher capacity than signalised intersections, they were constructed en masse in the western Netherlands as well.<ref name="Kooman"/> * In 1983, France adopted the yield-at-entry rule on national routes; since then the country's roundabouts have proliferated.<ref name="Ourston1995"/> * In 1985, Norway put up yield signs at the entries to all its roundabouts. After this, safety and traffic flow rapidly improved,<ref name="Ourston1995"/> and Norwegian roundabouts increased from 15 in 1980, to 350 in 1990, to 500 in 1992.<ref name="Ourston1995"/> * In 1987, Switzerland introduced the yield-at-entry rule; since then its roundabouts increased from 19 in 1980 to 220 in early 1992, while 500 more were being considered.<ref name="Ourston1995"/> * In the late 1980s, the Netherlands saw significant growth with about 400 roundabouts constructed in just 6 years.<ref name="Ourston1995"/> Construction accelerated in the 1990s, and by 2001, there were an estimated 1,500 to 1,800 roundabouts in the Netherlands, more than half of which were located within built-up areas.<ref name="Kooman">{{Cite journal |last1=Kooman |first1=Bas |date=March 2001 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJFsyiHOUXIC&pg=PT65 |title=De rotonde. Veilig rondjes rijden? |journal=[[Kampioen]] |volume=116 |issue=3 |pages=65–66 |language=nl}}</ref> * In 1990, the US constructed its first modern roundabout, although older roundabouts have been somewhat common in parts of the Northeast (called rotaries or traffic circles). * In 1991, France was building 1,000 roundabouts every year.<ref name="Ourston1995"/> * As modern roundabouts rose in popularity in the 1980s, the old traffic circles fell out of favour and many were converted into modern roundabouts or other types of intersections.<ref name="Ourston1995"/> * In 1999, Canada built its first modern roundabout.<ref name="Tollazzi"/> * As of the beginning of the 21st century, roundabouts were in widespread use in Europe. For instance: ** In 2010, France had more than 30,000 roundabouts.<ref name="Keh 2010">{{cite news |last=Keh |first=Andreh |title=European Import Has Cars Spinning. Heads, Too |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/19/us/19roundabouts.html |access-date=19 November 2010 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=18 November 2010 }}</ref> ** There were around 25,000 in the United Kingdom in 2015.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/oct/19/traffic-lights-roundabouts-way-out | title='Traffic lights are so dictatorial' ... but are roundabouts on the way out? | work=[[The Guardian]] | date=19 October 2015 | access-date=13 February 2020 | author=Wylie, Ian}}</ref> <gallery widths="200" heights="160" class="center"> File:Aangekocht in 1991 van United Photos de Boer bv. - Negatiefnummer 32989 k 6 a. - Gepubliceerd in het Haarlems Dagblad van 15.09.1990.JPG|Roundabout, [[Haarlem]], Netherlands, 1990. Cyclists may also be users of a roundabout. File:Pacionfi.JPG|Small roundabout in [[Barzio]], Italy File:Straßwalchen kreisverkehr 2.jpg|Roundabout in [[Straßwalchen]], Austria File:Colombo Galle Face Roundabout.JPG|Roundabout in the centre of [[Colombo]], Sri Lanka File:Зеница 20180730 175900.jpg|Double-lane Raindrop Fountain Roundabout in [[Zenica]], Bosnia and Herzegovina, where roundabouts replaced all traffic lights since 2011. File:Rydsrondellen.JPG|Roundabout signs in [[Linköping]], Sweden File:British Direction Sign 1.svg|A roundabout sign example used in the UK </gallery>
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