Editing Ryukyu Kingdom (section)

===Japanese invasion and subordination===
{{main|Invasion of Ryukyu}}
Around 1590, [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] asked the Ryukyu Kingdom to aid in his [[Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)|campaign to conquer Korea]]. If successful, Hideyoshi intended to then move against China. As the Ryukyu Kingdom was a tributary state of the [[Ming dynasty]], the request was refused. The [[Tokugawa shogunate]] that emerged following Hideyoshi's fall authorized the [[Shimazu family]]—[[daimyō|feudal lords]] of the [[Satsuma han|Satsuma]] [[Han (Japan)|domain]] (present-day [[Kagoshima Prefecture]])—to send an expeditionary force to conquer the Ryukyus. The subsequent [[Invasion of Ryukyu|invasion]] took place in 1609, but Satsuma still allowed the Ryukyu Kingdom to find itself in a period of "dual subordination" to Japan and China, wherein Ryukyuan tributary relations were maintained with both the Tokugawa shogunate and the Chinese court.{{Sfn | Matsuda | 2001 | p = 16}}

Occupation occurred fairly quickly, with some fierce fighting, and King [[Shō Nei]] was taken prisoner to Kagoshima and later to [[Edo]] (modern-day Tokyo). To avoid giving the Qing any reason for military action against Japan, the king was released two years later and the Ryukyu Kingdom regained a degree of autonomy.<ref name="hideyoshi">{{harvnb | Kang | 2010 | p = [{{google books |ydVymF_OrWEC| East Asia Before the West: Five Centuries of Trade and Tribute|page =81 | plainurl = yes}}  81]}}</ref> However, the Satsuma domain seized control over some territory of the Ryukyu Kingdom, notably the [[Amami Islands|Amami-Ōshima]] island group, which was incorporated into the Satsuma domain and remains a part of Kagoshima Prefecture, not Okinawa Prefecture.{{citation needed|date=March 2025}}

The kingdom was described by [[Hayashi Shihei]] in ''[[Sangoku Tsūran Zusetsu]]'', which was published in 1785.<ref>{{Citation | author-link = Julius Klaproth| last = Klaproth | first = Julius | year = 1832 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jCNMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA169 | title = San kokf tsou ran to sets, ou Aperçu général des trois royaumes |trans-title=''San kokf tsou ran to sets'', or General overview of the three kingdoms | language = fr | pages = 169–180}}.</ref>