Editing Seduction (section)

=== Short term ===
==== In males ====
Short-term strategies involved in seduction are associated with the [[dark triad]],<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Paulhus, D. L.|author2=Williams, K. M.|name-list-style=amp|year=2002|title=The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy|journal=Journal of Research in Personality|volume=36 |issue=6|pages=556–563|doi=10.1016/s0092-6566(02)00505-6|s2cid=6535576 }}</ref> however predominantly in males. Short-term strategies are those used by an individual to obtain a mate for a short term sexual encounter.<ref name=":10" /> [[File:The Dark Triad Image.png|thumb|The Dark Triad, proposed by Paulhus and Williams (2002)]]
The [[dark triad]] is made up of three personality traits, [[psychopathy]], [[narcissism]] and [[Machiavellianism (psychology)|Machiavellianism]] and was proposed by [[Delroy L. Paulhus|Paulhus]] and Williams (2002).<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|author=Jonason, P. K.|author2=Li, N. P.|author3=Webster, G. D.|author4=Schmitt, D. P.|name-list-style=amp|year=2009|title=The dark triad: Facilitating a short-term mating strategy in men|journal=European Journal of Personality|volume=23 |issue=1|pages=5–18|doi=10.1002/per.698|citeseerx=10.1.1.650.5749|s2cid=12854051}}</ref>  The three traits are exploitative in nature and are used for [[Sexual coercion|sexually coercive behaviours]], useful in the seduction process. Typically these three traits are deemed maladaptive for the individual and society. Nevertheless, these traits have been found to be adaptive in an exploitative strategy in short term mating.<ref name=":11" /> Dark triad traits are adaptive for an unrestricted [[Sociosexual orientation|sociosexuality]] and [[Promiscuity|promiscuous]] behaviours.<ref name=":10" /> The three traits are associated with [[impulsivity]], manipulative behaviours and lack of [[empathy]]. These personality traits would be useful in seducing a partner for a short term encounter.<ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|author=Jonason, P. K.|author2=Valentine, K. A.|author3=Li, N. P.|author4=Harbeson, C. L.|name-list-style=amp|year=2011|title=Mate-selection and the Dark Triad: Facilitating a short-term mating strategy and creating a volatile environment|journal=Personality and Individual Differences|volume=51 |issue=6|pages=759–763|doi=10.1016/j.paid.2011.06.025|citeseerx=10.1.1.648.3614|s2cid=12310143 }}</ref> From an evolutionary perspective, these would have been particularly beneficial to our ancestral males who wanted to increase their [[reproductive success]], through seducing many women and therefore increasing their chance of passing on their genes. These particular traits may be used as a tactic for increasing success in mating.

The dark triad traits are seen more in males where the parental investment is lower. Having numerous copulations with many women increases the likelihood their genes will be passed on. Comparatively, a woman has to invest time and a lot of energy in carrying an infant and looking after him/her for many years subsequently.

==== In females ====
The triad of traits ancestrally would not have been adaptive for women, because females were and still are less likely or less willing to engage in [[casual sex]],<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Herold, E.|author2=Mewhinney, D.|name-list-style=amp|year=1993|title=Gender Differences in Casual Sex and AIDS Prevention: A Survey of Dating Bars.|journal=The Journal of Sex Research|volume=30 |issue=1|pages=36–42|doi=10.1080/00224499309551676}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Conley |first1=Terri D. |date=2021 |title=Perceived proposer personality characteristics and gender differences in acceptance of casual sex offers |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |volume=100 |issue=2 |pages=309–329 |doi=10.1037/a0022152|pmid=21171789 }}</ref> because of the lack of certainty of resources to provide for her and her offspring.

Additionally, there are other potential considerations of the implication of short-term strategies. Males cannot employ such strategies without there being willing females to engage in sexual intercourse within a short-term relationship with them.  Therefore, benefits from engaging in multiple short-term mating must also exist for females. These matings enable females to practice and enhance their skills, specifically within attraction and seduction.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Greiling, H.|author2=Buss, D. M.|name-list-style=amp|year=2000|title=Women's sexual strategies: The hidden dimension of extra-pair mating.|journal=Personality and Individual Differences|volume=28 |issue=5|pages=929–963|doi=10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00151-8}}</ref> This often occurs during [[extra-pair mating]] when females have sexual intercourse with males other than their husband.<ref name=":0" /> There are potential benefits for females to engage in these matings, including the ability to acquire more resources. For example, females are better able to access meats, goods or services in exchange for sexual intercourse or if she were to give birth to a child whose father has better genes than her husband.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book|title=The evolution of human sexuality|author=Symons, D.|publisher=New York: Oxford University Press.|year=1979}}</ref> Females use these short-term matings to hone their mating and seduction skills and increase their protection. This is because males often provide increased protection against other males exploitation or from non-humans for the females they mate with and their offspring.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Human sperm competition. In R. L. Smith, Sperm competition and the evolution of mating systems|author=Smith, R. L.|publisher=New York: Academic Press|year=1984|pages=601–659}}</ref> However, this willingness to make the first move towards seduction and engage in a sexual relationship may be subtle.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Grammer, K.|year=1989|title=Human courtship behavior: Biological basis and cognitive processing.|journal=The Sociobiology of Sexual and Reproductive Strategies|pages=147–169}}</ref> For example, females may simply stand close to their target.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Perper, T.|author2=Fox, V. S.|name-list-style=amp|year=1980|title=Flirtation and pickup pattern in bars.|journal=In Eastern Conference on Reproductive Behavior, New York.}}</ref>

Improving attraction and seduction skills can also help a female with acquiring a better or more desirable male according to the 'Mate Switching Hypothesis'.<ref name=":0" /> This is because, females are able to assess their potential mate before committing to a long-term relationship.<ref name=":12" /> Alternatively, according to this hypothesis females are also able to get rid of an unwanted husband through mate expulsion using short-term strategies, such as by seducing another man into a short-term sexual relationship.<ref name=":13" />  Females may also be more equipped at deterring male partners from future [[infidelity]], demonstrated by the 'Mate Manipulation Hypothesis'.<ref name=":0" /> This hypothesis suggests that females are able to use revenge to deter future [[infidelity]]. This can be achieved by a female partaking in a short-term affair, incorporating the use of seduction, with another male as a revenge tactic for her husband's previous affair, which aims to increase commitment of her intended long-term mate.<ref name=":13" /><ref>Greiling, H. (1993). Women's short-term sexual strategies. In ''Conference on Evolution and the Social Sciences, London School of Economics, London, England''.</ref> These hypotheses indicate the benefits for females of developing and expanding on their seduction skills within sexual relationships.