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September 5
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===1901–present=== *[[1905]] – [[Russo-Japanese War]]: In [[New Hampshire]], United States, the [[Treaty of Portsmouth]], mediated by U.S. President [[Theodore Roosevelt]], ends the war. *[[1914]] – [[World War I]]: [[First Battle of the Marne]] begins. Northeast of Paris, the French attack and defeat German forces who are advancing on the capital. *[[1915]] – The pacifist [[Zimmerwald Conference]] begins. *[[1932]] – The [[French Upper Volta]] is broken apart between [[Ivory Coast]], [[French Sudan]], and [[Niger]]. *[[1937]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: [[Llanes]] falls to the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalists]] following a one-day siege. *[[1938]] – [[Chile]]: A group of youths affiliated with the fascist [[National Socialist Movement of Chile]] are [[Seguro Obrero massacre|executed after surrendering]] during a failed coup. *[[1941]] – Whole territory of [[German occupation of the Baltic states during World War II|Estonia is occupied]] by Nazi Germany. *[[1942]] – [[World War II]]: Japanese high command orders withdrawal at [[Battle of Milne Bay|Milne Bay]], the first major Japanese defeat in land warfare during the [[Pacific War]]. *[[1943]] – World War II: The [[503rd Infantry Regiment|503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment]] lands and occupies [[Lae Nadzab Airport]], near [[Lae]] in the [[Salamaua–Lae campaign]]. *[[1944]] – Belgium, Netherlands and [[Luxembourg]] constitute [[Benelux]]. *[[1945]] – [[Cold War]]: [[Igor Gouzenko]], a [[Soviet Union]] embassy clerk, defects to Canada, exposing Soviet espionage in North America, signalling the beginning of the Cold War. * 1945 – [[Iva Toguri D'Aquino]], a [[Japanese American]] suspected of being wartime radio propagandist [[Tokyo Rose]], is arrested in [[Yokohama]]. *[[1948]] – In France, [[Robert Schuman]] becomes [[President of the Council of Ministers|President of the Council]] while being [[Foreign minister]]; as such, he is the negotiator of the major treaties of the end of World War II. *[[1954]] – [[KLM Flight 633]] crashes into the [[River Shannon]] in [[Shannon, County Clare]], [[Ireland]], killing 28.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed L-1049C-55-81 Super Constellation PH-LKY Shannon Airport (SNN)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19540905-0|access-date=2021-09-04|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref> *[[1957]] – [[Cuban Revolution]]: [[Fulgencio Batista]] bombs the revolt in [[Cienfuegos]]. *[[1960]] – Poet [[Léopold Sédar Senghor]] is the first elected [[President of Senegal]]. * 1960 – [[Muhammad Ali]] (then known as Cassius Clay) wins the gold medal in the [[Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics|light heavyweight boxing competition at the Olympic Games]] in Rome. *[[1969]] – [[Mỹ Lai massacre|Mỹ Lai Massacre]]: U.S. Army [[Lieutenant]] [[William Calley]] is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder for the death of 109 [[Vietnam]]ese civilians in [[My Lai]]. *[[1970]] – [[Vietnam War]]: [[Operation Jefferson Glenn]] begins: The [[101st Airborne Division|United States 101st Airborne Division]] and the [[South Vietnam]]ese [[1st Division (South Vietnam)|1st Infantry Division]] initiate a new operation in [[Huế|Thừa Thiên–Huế Province]]. *[[1972]] – [[Munich massacre]]: A [[Palestinian terrorist]] group called "[[Black September Organization|Black September]]" attacks and takes hostage 11 [[Israel]]i athletes at the [[1972 Summer Olympics|Munich Olympic Games]]. Two die in the attack and nine are murdered the following day. *[[1975]] – [[Sacramento, California]]: [[Lynette Fromme]] [[Attempted assassination of Gerald Ford in Sacramento|attempts to assassinate]] U.S. President [[Gerald Ford]]. *[[1977]] – [[Voyager Program]]: [[NASA]] launches the ''[[Voyager 1]]'' spacecraft. *[[1978]] – [[Camp David Accords]]: [[Menachem Begin]] and [[Anwar Sadat]] begin peace discussions at [[Camp David|Camp David, Maryland]]. *[[1980]] – The [[Gotthard Road Tunnel]] opens in Switzerland as the world's longest highway tunnel at {{convert|10.14|miles|km}} stretching from [[Göschenen]] to [[Airolo]]. *[[1981]] – The first women arrive at what becomes [[Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp]] in the UK.<ref name="CND">{{cite web |last1=Muir |first1=Michael |title=30th anniversary of foundation of Greenham Common Women's peace camp |url=https://cnduk.org/30th-anniversary-foundation-greenham-common-womens-peace-camp/ |access-date=3 September 2022 |date=30 August 2011}}</ref> *[[1984]] – [[STS-41-D]]: The [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] lands after its maiden voyage. * 1984 – [[Western Australia]] becomes the last Australian state to abolish [[capital punishment]]. *[[1986]] – [[Pan Am Flight 73]] from [[Mumbai]], [[India]] with 358 people on board is [[Aircraft hijacking|hijacked]] at [[Karachi International Airport]]. *[[1990]] – [[Sri Lankan civil war|Sri Lankan Civil War]]: Sri Lankan Army soldiers [[Eastern University massacre|slaughter]] 158 civilians. *[[1991]] – The current international treaty defending indigenous peoples, [[Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989]], comes into force. *[[1996]] – [[Hurricane Fran]] makes landfall near [[Cape Fear (headland)|Cape Fear]], [[North Carolina]] as a [[Tropical cyclone|Category 3]] storm with 115 mph sustained winds. Fran caused over $3 billion in damage and killed 27 people. *[[2005]] – [[Mandala Airlines Flight 091]] crashes after takeoff from [[Soewondo Air Force Base|Polonia International Airport]] in [[Medan]], Indonesia, killing 149.<ref name="ASN">{{cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-230 PK-RIM Medan-Polonia Airport (MES) |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20050905-0 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref> *[[2012]] – An [[2012 Afyonkarahisar arsenal explosion|accidental explosion]] at a Turkish Army ammunition store in [[Afyonkarahisar|Afyon]], western Turkey kills 25 soldiers and wounds four others. *[[2021]] – The President of Guinea, [[Alpha Condé]] is captured by armed forces during a [[2021 Guinean coup d'état|coup d'état]].<ref>{{citation|title= Guinea coup attempt: Soldiers claim to seize power from Alpha Condé|first=|publisher=[[BBC]]|year=2021|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-58453778.amp}}</ref> *[[2022]] – [[Liz Truss]] is declared the winner of the [[July–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election|UK Conservative Party leadership election]], beating [[Rishi Sunak]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-58575895|title=Who is Liz Truss? From teenage Lib Dem to Tory PM|work=BBC News |date=15 September 2021 |access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref> * 2022 – At least 93 people die and 25 are missing after a [[2022 Luding earthquake|magnitude 6.8 earthquake]] strikes [[Sichuan]], China.<ref>{{cite news |title=Death Toll From Western China Earthquake Rises to 93 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/death-toll-from-western-china-earthquake-rises-to-93/6744687.html |access-date=16 October 2022 |agency=Associated Press |publisher=Voice of America |date=12 September 2022}}</ref>
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