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Simple suspension bridge
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===Living bridges=== In the northeast Indian state of [[Meghalaya]], [[Khasi people|Khasi]] and [[Synteng|Jaintia]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.riluk.com/living-root-bridge-symbol-benevolence/|title=The Living-Root Bridge: The Symbol Of Benevolence|date=2016-10-10|work=Riluk|access-date=2017-09-07|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908021245/https://www.riluk.com/living-root-bridge-symbol-benevolence/|url-status=dead}}</ref> tribal people have created [[living root bridges]], which are a form of [[tree shaping]]. Here, simple suspension bridges are made by training the roots of the ''[[Ficus elastica]]'' species of banyan tree across watercourses.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.india9.com/i9show/Living-Root-Bridge-48779.htm |title=Living Root Bridge in Laitkynsew India |publisher=www.india9.com |access-date=2010-02-22 }}</ref> There are examples with a span of over 170 feet (52 m).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://livingrootbridges.com/ten-exceptional-living-root-bridges/|title=Ten Exceptional Living Root Bridges|date=2017-05-10|work=The Living Root Bridge Project|access-date=2017-09-07|language=en-US}}</ref> They are naturally self-renewing and self-strengthening as the component roots grow thicker and some are thought to be more than 500 years old.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cherrapunjee.com/index.php?mid=66&pid=66 |title=Cherrapunjee |publisher=www.cherrapunjee.com |access-date=2010-02-22 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/09/living-bridges-india-grown-500-years-pics.php |title=Living Bridges in India Have Grown for 500 Years (Pics) |publisher= [[TreeHugger]], New York |access-date=2010-10-24 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.picturesw.com/2012/08/the-natural-root-bridges-of-cherrapunji.html The living root bridges of Cherrapunji, India]</ref> In the [[Iya Valley]] of Japan, bridges have been constructed using [[Wisteria floribunda|wisteria]] vines. To build such a bridge, these vines were planted on opposite sides of a river and woven together when they grew long enough to span the gap. The addition of planks produced a serviceable bridge.<ref>{{Citation | last1 = Otto | first1 = M. Rebekah | title = The Vine Bridges of Iya Valley | periodical = Atlas Obscura | url = http://atlasobscura.com/place/vine-bridges-japan |display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://accidentalblogger.typepad.com/accidental_blogger/2010/04/living-architecture-the-root-bridges-of-india-and-japan.html |title=Living architecture: The root bridges of India and Japan |website=Accidentalblogger.typepad.com |date=April 22, 2010 |author=Ruchira Paul |access-date=April 3, 2015}}</ref>
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