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Sky marshal
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===Canada=== The Canadian Air Carrier Protection/Protective Program (CACPP) began on September 17, 2002, when a [[memorandum of understanding]] was signed between the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] with [[Transport Canada]], the authority responsible for Canadian aviation security, and the [[Canadian Air Transport Security Authority]] (CATSA), for the implementation and administration of the CACPP. The program is conducted by specially trained undercover armed RCMP officers (known as "aircraft protective officers" β APOs) on selected domestic and international flights and all flights to [[Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport]] in the United States. Pilots and flight attendants are advised of their presence and the officer is authorized to physically intervene should an unauthorized person attempt to gain control of an aircraft.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/gazette/vol70n3/air-eng.htm |first=Marc-AndrΓ© |last=Gauthier |title=The Canadian Air Carrier Protective Program |journal=RCMP Gazette |publisher=[[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] |volume=70 |number=3 |date=3 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626092154/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/gazette/vol70n3/air-eng.htm |archive-date=26 June 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> APOs, however, will not get involved in controlling unruly passengers.<ref name=APEC>{{cite web |url=http://www.apec.org/apec/documents_reports/counter_terrorism_task_force/2004.MedialibDownload.v1.html?url=/etc/medialib/apec_media_library/downloads/taskforce/cttf/mtg/2004/pdf.Par.0021.File.v1.1 |title=CACPP Presentation |website=APEC |date=2004}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> While they are [[peace officer]]s within Canadian territories, they rely on section 6(2) of the [[Aircraft hijacking#Tokyo Convention|Tokyo Convention]] as a legal basis for intervening in an incident outside of Canadian airspace. By law, such officers are exempt from acquiring a permit for importing or exporting their duty firearms when crossing the border.<ref>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2008/2008-03-19/pdf/g2-14206.pdf |title=SOR/2008-45: Export and Import Permits Act: Exemption Regulations (Persons) |journal=The Canada Gazette Part II |volume=142 |number=6 |page=400 |date=19 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321012501/http://www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2008/2008-03-19/pdf/g2-14206.pdf |archive-date=21 March 2012}}</ref> However, the exact nature of their weaponry is not released to the public except they are "deadly and effective and should not damage the aircraft".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sencanada.ca/en/Content/Sen/committee/372/defe/03ev-e |title=Proceedings of the Standing Senate Committee on National Security and Defence |website=Government of Canada |date=18 November 2002 |access-date=15 March 2020 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009200752/https://sencanada.ca/en/Content/Sen/committee/372/defe/03ev-e |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Canadian Forces Military Police]] members of the Canadian Forces Air Marshal Detail, are responsible for providing security to Canadian forces aircraft, crew and passengers β passengers who may include the governor general, the prime minister and members of the royal family.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Poulin |first=Maj. Paule |url=http://www.rcaf-arc.forces.gc.ca/v2/nr-sp/index-eng.asp?id=10001 |title=Military Police train for VIP Aircraft Security Detail |magazine=Air Force News |publisher=RCAF |date=27 January 2010 |access-date=1 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521193400/http://www.rcaf-arc.forces.gc.ca/v2/nr-sp/index-eng.asp?id=10001 |archive-date=21 May 2013 }}</ref>
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