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Slovincian language
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===Notable allophony and other phonetic processes=== Unstressed word-final ⟨e⟩ has an [[archiphoneme]] of ⟨ë⟩. The pronouns ''tewa'', ''jewa'', ''czewa'', ''njewa'', etc., are subject to irregular phonetic reduction and can be realized with either ⟨ë⟩ or ⟨e⟩, with an ultimate underlying ⟨e⟩.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=22–23}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=48—61}} ⟨ë⟩ is phonemically /ə/; regionally, it may be [æ].{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=20–21}}{{sfn|Rudnicki|1913|pp=18—19}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=61—63}} ⟨o⟩ can be realized as a diphthong [ɔu̯] when stressed in open medial syllables, and in closed syllables and ultima.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=27}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=63—68}} ⟨ó⟩ can be a diphthong [ou̯] when stressed. [ou̯] and [o] are neutralized to /o/ in unstressed position before ⟨r⟩ and ⟨rz⟩.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=28—29}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=68—73}} Diphthongs or triphthongs whose elements end in ⟨j⟩ or ⟨ù⟩ will never have a diphthongized first element, even when stressed.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=29—30}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=119—124}} Some numerals show an irregular positional lengthening of ⟨y⟩ before word-final ⟨-nc⟩, represented as /i/.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=25—26}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=73—76}} It has been claimed that ⟨y⟩ and ⟨i⟩ are allophones appearing after hard or soft consonants, respectively;{{sfn|Rudnicki|1913|pp=25—26}}<ref>{{Cite book|title=Słowisński system fonologiczny w świetle najnowszych zapisów ze wsi Kluki Smołdzińskie|author=Zuzanna Topolińska|year=1961|page=26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hanna Popowska-Taborska|year=1959|title=Исчезновение кашубских долгот|volume=8|pages=60–66|journal=Вопросы Языкознания|url=https://vja.ruslang.ru/archive/1959-4.pdf}}</ref> however, minimal pairs exist, for example:{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=26}} : ''wëbjijã'' ("to knock out") (first person singular future) vs. ''wëbjyjã'' (first person singular present) The distinction between the two is neutralized after all consonants word-finally except after ⟨j, s, z, cz, dż⟩.{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=76—80}} ⟨ô⟩ can be diphthongized to [ʉɵ] when stressed and realized as [ɵ] when unstressed. /ɵ/ can optionally be stressed in a few monosyllabic, common words, resulting from a reduction due to rapid speech and frequent use.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=29—30}}{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=31—32}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=84—88}} ⟨e⟩ diphthongizes to [ɛj] when stressed.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=22—23}}{{sfn|Rudnicki|1913|pp=21—23}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=106—110}} ⟨é⟩ diphthongizes to [ej] when stressed except word-finally, where it remains phonetic /ej/.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=23—24}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=102—106}} ⟨ó⟩ is the archiphoneme of ⟨o⟩ and ⟨ó⟩ before ⟨i⟩.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=28—29}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=114-116}} Nasal vowels can lose nasality when in coda position and unstressed.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=18—20}}{{sfn|Rudnicki|1913|pp=83}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=125—128}} ⟨a⟩ before nasal consonants and when stressed has an allophone ⟨ã⟩, and becomes [ã] again in the same position when unstressed as an alternative, non-phonemic pronunciation.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=18—20}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=125—128}} ⟨o⟩ also can undergo non-phonemic nasalization to ⟨õ⟩ in the same position.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=27—20}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=128—129}} In Kluki, all vowels in such position could non-phonemically nasalize.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=30}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=131}} Proclitics do not affect nasality.{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=125—128}} Regionally, ⟨v⟩ and ⟨f⟩ can allophonically be [w] and [ʍ] in word-final position.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=117}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=146}} ⟨j⟩ has an allophone [xʲ] after /p/.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=119}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=150}} Slovincian displays a [[voicing assimilation]] system similar to the one found in Polish.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=116}}{{sfn|Rudnicki|1913|pp=115—117}} ⟨kj⟩, ⟨gj⟩, ⟨chj⟩, and ⟨ghj⟩ can be phonetically realized as [c͡ç], [ɟ͡ʝ], [ç], and [ʝ], respectively.{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=119}}{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=118—119}}{{sfn|Stokhof|1973|page=147—148}} Certain affixes can cause secondary stress (and, in some cases, secondary stress causes the appearance of non-phonemic diphthongs).{{sfn|Lorentz|1903|pp=219—221}}{{sfn|Rudnicki|1913|pp=118—121}}
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