Editing Spoke–hub distribution paradigm (section)

==East Asian relations==
{{Main|San Francisco System}}
In the context of East Asian geopolitics, [[Victor Cha]] says the hub-and-spokes paradigm refers to the network of alliances the United States has built individually with other East Asian countries. The 1951 [[Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan]], the 1953 [[U.S.–South Korea Status of Forces Agreement]] and the 1954 [[Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States and the Republic of China]] (later replaced by the [[Taiwan Relations Act]]) are some examples of such bilateral security relationships.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Hemmer | first1 = C. | last2 = Katzenstein | first2 = P. J. | author-link2 = Peter J. Katzenstein| doi = 10.1162/002081802760199890 | title = Why is There No NATO in Asia? Collective Identity, Regionalism, and the Origins of Multilateralism | journal = [[International Organization]]| volume = 56 | issue = 3 | pages = 575–607 | year = 2002 | jstor = 3078589| doi-access = free }}</ref> The system creates a bilateral security architecture in East Asia that is different from the multilateral security architecture in Europe. The US acts as a "hub", and Asian countries like [[South Korea]] and [[Japan]] are its "spokes". There is a strong connection between the hub and the spoke, but weak or no connections between the spokes themselves.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Cha | first1 = V. D. | author-link1 = Victor Cha| title = Powerplay: Origins of the U.S. Alliance System in Asia | doi = 10.1162/isec.2010.34.3.158 | journal = [[International Security]]| volume = 34 | issue = 3 | pages = 158–196 | year = 2010 | s2cid = 57566528 }}</ref>

In April 2014, all ten [[ASEAN]] defense chiefs and [[United States Secretary of Defense]] [[Chuck Hagel]] attended the US–ASEAN Defense Forum in Hawaii. The meeting was the first time the US hosted the forum and was part of a US attempt to get the countries to strengthen military ties between themselves.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/04/us-swears-asia-pivot-isnt-dead/ |title=US Swears Asia Pivot Isn't Dead |last1=Keck |first1=Zachary |date=2 April 2014 |publisher=The Diplomat |access-date=3 April 2014}}</ref>