Editing Spoken word (section)

==== France ====
[[File:Mumbi Macharia Spoken Word Poet.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Kenyan spoken word poet Mumbi Macharia]]
Outside of the United States, artists such as French singer-songwriters [[Léo Ferré]] and [[Serge Gainsbourg]] made personal use of spoken word over rock or symphonic music from the beginning of the 1970s in such albums as ''[[Amour Anarchie]]'' (1970), ''[[Histoire de Melody Nelson]]'' (1971), and ''[[Il n'y a plus rien]]'' (1973), and contributed to the popularization of spoken word within French culture.

In 2003, the movement reached its peak in France with Fabien Marsaud aka [[Grand Corps Malade]] being a forerunner of the genre.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/303071/grand-corps-malade/biography|title=Grand Corps Malade - Biography {{!}} Billboard|website=www.billboard.com|language=en|access-date=16 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="today">{{cite web |title=Grand Corps Malade |url=https://www.francetoday.com/archives/grand-corps-malade/ |website=France Today |access-date= 25 December 2018 |date= 11 July 2006}}</ref>