Editing Star Wars sources and analogues (section)

====[[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s ''The Hobbit'' and ''The Lord of the Rings''====
{{further |Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien#Film|Themes of The Lord of the Rings|The Lord of the Rings: film versus book}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Chris Taylor's comparison of ''[[Star Wars film|Star Wars]]'' with ''The Lord of the Rings''<ref name="Taylor 2014"/>
|-
! Element !! ''Star Wars'' 1977 !! ''The Lord of the Rings'' 1954–55
|-
| Wise old man || [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]]<br/>sacrifices himself fighting Darth Vader,<br/>then guides [[Luke Skywalker|Luke]] through [[the Force]] || [[Gandalf]]<br/>dies saving Fellowship from the [[Balrog]],<br/>then guides Frodo telepathically
|-
| Innocent<br/>protagonists || [[Artoo]] and [[Threepio]],<br/>carrying stolen data tapes,<br/>supported by the team || [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] and [[Samwise Gamgee|Sam]],<br/>carrying the [[One Ring]],<br/>supported by the [[Fellowship of the Ring (characters)|Fellowship]]
|-
| "Hellish war machine" || [[Death Star]] || [[Mordor]]
|-
| Enemy troops || [[Stormtrooper (Star Wars)|Stormtroopers]] || [[Orc]]s
|-
| Evil wizard || [[Grand Moff Tarkin]] || [[Saruman]]
|-
| Dark Lord || [[Darth Vader]] || [[Sauron]]
|}
[[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s 1937 ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and 1954–55 ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' novels inspired George Lucas's creation of ''Star Wars'' in 1977. An early draft for the 1977 ''Star Wars'' film is said to have included an exchange of dialogue between [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and [[Luke Skywalker]] taken directly from the conversation between Gandalf and Bilbo in Chapter 1 of ''The Hobbit'', where Bilbo/Luke says "Good morning!" and Gandalf/Kenobi replies asking whether he means he's having a good morning, or is wishing him one, or that all mornings are good. Bilbl/Luke answers "All of them at once".<ref name="Taylor 2014">{{cite web |last1=Taylor |first1=Chris |title=Secrets of the "Star Wars" drafts: Inside George Lucas' amazing -- and very different -- early scripts |url=https://www.salon.com/2014/10/03/secrets_of_the_star_wars_drafts_inside_george_lucas_amazing_and_very_different_early_scripts/ |website=Salon.com |access-date=22 May 2021 |date=4 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="Taylor 2015">{{cite book |last=Taylor |first=Chris | title=How Star Wars Conquered the Universe: the past, present, and future of a multibillion dollar franchise |publisher=Head of Zeus |publication-place=London |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-78497-047-5 |oclc=951149431}}</ref><ref name="starwars.com">{{cite web |last1=Young |first1=Bryan |title=The Cinema Behind Star Wars: The Lord of the Rings |url=https://www.starwars.com/news/the-cinema-behind-star-wars-the-lord-of-the-rings |website=Star Wars |date=13 March 2016}}</ref> The plagiarised dialogue was dropped, but the monk-like Kenobi was modelled on Gandalf; the film author Chris Taylor identifies several further elements of ''Star Wars'' that in his view could have been modelled on Middle-earth.<ref name="Taylor 2014"/>

While doing a ''Star Wars'' animated series, [[Dave Filoni]] noted that Peter Jackson visited him and his mentor George Lucas to discuss Tolkien's works and to ask for advice. According to the ''Star Wars'' website, Darth Vader is compared by Filoni to the Balrog rather than Sauron, and the [[Prancing Pony]] bar may have inspired the [[Mos Eisley]] cantina, with the introduction of Han Solo suggestively matching that of Strider (Aragorn). As for the prequel trilogy, it notes that Saruman influenced Count Dooku (both are portrayed by [[Christopher Lee]] in the respective movies), and volcanic Mordor, whether Tolkien's or Jackson's, influenced the volcanic planet Mustafar.<ref name="starwars.com"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/loving-the-hobbit-building-the-clone-wars|title = Loving the Hobbit, Building the Clone Wars|date = December 14, 2012}}</ref>

George R. R. Martin acknowledged Tolkien influenced his ''Game of Thrones'' TV series and novels about medieval fantasy, while speaking about a movie about Tolkien's life.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/ct-ent-george-r-r-martin-lord-of-the-rings-20190509-story.html|title = George R.R. Martin said 'Lord of the Rings' trilogy influenced 'Game of Thrones'|website = [[Chicago Tribune]]| date=May 9, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2016/12/19/15-fantasy-movies-and-tv-shows-that-owe-their-existence-to-lord-of-the-rings|title = 15 Fantasy Movies and TV Shows That Owe Their Existence to the Lord of the Rings Films - IGN|date = December 19, 2016}}</ref> Jon Favreau mentioned ''Game of Thrones'' as an influence on ''The Mandalorian''{{'}}s second season.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://ew.com/tv/mandalorian-season-2-first-look/|title = 'The Mandalorian' exclusive: An inside look at season 2|magazine = [[Entertainment Weekly]]}}</ref> George R. R. Martin's ''A Song of Ice and Fire'' / ''Game of Thrones'' (1996 – present) has been compared to ''Star Wars''. This is most commonly through the characters of Luke Skywalker and Jaime Lannister, due to both being sword-fighters who lose their hands in duels, while being knights sworn to celibacy, and also due to their incestuous relationships to their respective sisters, Leia and Cersei (though Luke and Leia were unaware of being siblings, and the Lannisters have children). Both feature mothers who died at child-birth (''[[A Game of Thrones]]'' was written before the release of ''Revenge of the Sith''), and arguably evil fathers (though Luke and Leia weren't raised by him). Captain Phasma has also been compared as weaker than Brienne of Tharth, due to both sharing the same actress. Many people were in both franchises.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/star-wars-game-thrones-actors-appear-characters/|title = Here's Every Game of Thrones Actor in Star Wars|website = [[Screen Rant]]|date = July 31, 2020}}</ref> Both franchises feature important fights on throne rooms, with Emperor Palpatine's throne being compared to the Iron Throne, though Martin's works are far more violent.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shortlist.com/news/star-wars-vs-game-of-thrones-the-ultimate-showdown|title='Star Wars' vs 'Game of Thrones': The ultimate showdown|date=February 8, 2018}}</ref>