Editing Substance theory (section)

===Stoicism===
{{See also|Stoic categories}}
The [[Stoicism|Stoics]] rejected the idea that [[incorporeal]] beings inhere in matter, as taught by [[Plato]]. They believed that all being is [[Matter|corporeal]] infused with a creative fire called [[pneuma]]. Thus they developed a scheme of [[Categories (Stoic)|categories]] different from [[Categories (Aristotle)|Aristotle's]] based on the ideas of [[Anaxagoras]] and [[Timaeus (dialogue)|Timaeus]]. The fundamental basis of Stoicism in this context was a universally consistent [[ethical]] and moral [[code]] that should be maintained at all time, the physical belief of beings as matter is an important philosophical [[footnote]], as it marked the start of thinking as beings as inherently linked to [[reality]], instead of to some [[Abstract and concrete|abstract]] heaven.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=LEWIS, ERIC|title=Diogenes Laertius and the Stoic Theory of Mixture |year=1988|journal=Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies|volume=35 |issue=35|pages=84–90|doi=10.1111/j.2041-5370.1988.tb00202.x |jstor=43646211 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/1584833|title=Stoic and Aristotelian Notions of Substance in Basil of Caesarea|author=Robertson, David G.|year=1998|journal=Vigiliae Christianae|volume=52|issue=4|pages=393–417|doi=10.2307/1584833|jstor=1584833 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>