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Suzuki method
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==Repertoire== The core Suzuki literature is published on [[sound recording|audio recordings]] and in [[sheet music]] books for each instrument, and Suzuki teachers supplement the repertoire common to each instrument as needed, particularly in the area of teaching reading. One of the innovations of the Suzuki method was to make professional recordings of beginner level pieces widely available. Many non-Suzuki trained music teachers also use the Suzuki repertoire to supplement their [[curriculum]]. Suzuki literature also deliberately leaves out many technical instructions and exercises found in the beginners' music books of his day. He favored a focus on melodic [[song]]-playing over technical exercises and asked teachers to allow students to make music from the beginning, helping to motivate young children with short, attractive songs which can themselves be used as technique building exercises. Each song in the common repertoire is meant to introduce some new or higher level of technique than the previous selection. Suzuki teaching uses a common core repertoire for students of the same instrument worldwide. Although it focuses on Western European "classical" music, it emphasizes that this music can be a bridge across cultural and language barriers. ===Violin=== The violin method was compiled and edited by Suzuki in ten volumes, beginning with Suzuki's [[Variation (music)|Variations]] on "[[Twinkle Twinkle Little Star]]" and ending with two [[Mozart]] concertos. The first three volumes are mostly graded [[arrangements]] of music not originally written for violin, although the first volume contains several original compositions by Suzuki for violin and piano. These arrangements are drawn from folk tunes and from composers such as [[Bach]], [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák]], [[Beethoven]], [[Handel]], [[Paganini]], [[Boccherini]] and [[Brahms]]. Volumes 4 to 10 continue the graded selection by incorporating 'standard' or 'traditional' student violin solos by composers such as [[Fritz Seitz|Seitz]], [[Antonio Vivaldi|Vivaldi]], [[Bach]], [[Veracini]], [[Arcangelo Corelli|Corelli]], [[Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf|Dittersdorf]], [[Rameau]], [[Handel]], [[Mozart]] and [[Fiocco]]. The Suzuki violin repertoire is currently{{When|date=January 2024}} in the process of being revised by the International Suzuki Association, and as part of the revision process, each regional Suzuki Association provides a recommended list of supplemental repertoire appropriate for students in volumes 6 to 8. The Suzuki Association of the Americas' supplemental repertoire list includes pieces by composers such as Bach, [[Fritz Kreisler|Kreisler]], [[Edward Elgar|Elgar]], [[Béla Bartók|Bartok]], [[Dmitri Shostakovich|Shostakovich]] and [[Aaron Copland|Copland]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lieb |first=Allen |last2=Cole |first2=Ronda |last3=Fink |first3=Lorraine |last4=Kimmett |first4=Karen |last5=Reuning |first5=Sandy |date=May 2013 |title=Suggested Supplementary Repertoire for Revised Violin Books 6, 7 & 8 |url=https://suzukiassociation.org/download/news/Suggested_Supplementary_Repertoire_Violin_6_7_8.pdf |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=Suzuki Association of the Americas}}</ref> The first three volumes were recorded by [[Hilary Hahn]] and released in 2020. Audio recordings for the first four volumes are also available in separate albums by artists such as [[David Nadien]], [[David Cerone]], Yukari Tate and Suzuki himself. Revised editions and recordings of the first four volumes were released in 2007 and recorded by William Preucil, Jr. Recordings for volumes 5 to 8 have been made by [[Koji Toyoda]], although many of the pieces can be found separately on other artists' albums. In 2008, [[Takako Nishizaki]] made a complete set of recordings of volumes 1 to 8 for [[Naxos Records]]. There are no official recordings of volumes 9 and 10. However, since these volumes contain Mozart's [[Violin Concerto No. 5 (Mozart)|A major]] and [[Violin Concerto No. 4 (Mozart)|D major]] violin concertos respectively, they have readily-available recordings by various violinists. Completing the 10 volumes is not the end of the Suzuki journey, as many Suzuki violin teachers traditionally continue with the [[Max Bruch|Bruch]] and [[Violin Concerto (Mendelssohn)|Mendelssohn]] concertos, along with pieces from other composers such as [[Maria Theresa von Paradis|Paradis]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Mozart]], and [[Fritz Kreisler|Kreisler]]. ===Viola=== The viola method was compiled and edited by [[Doris Preucil]] in nine volumes. Like the violin repertoire, much of the viola repertoire is drawn from the [[Baroque music|Baroque]] period. The first three volumes have been arranged (or [[transposition (music)|transposed]]) almost directly from the first three violin volumes, and the rest differ significantly as they delve into standard viola literature. The viola books introduce shifting and work in higher positions earlier than the violin volumes, in anticipation of viola students being asked to play in ensembles sooner in their studies than violinists, and needing these skills to better handle orchestral or chamber music parts (Preucil, 1985). Volumes 4 to 8 include works by [[Telemann]], [[Henri Casadesus|Casadesus]], [[Bach]], [[Felix Mendelssohn|Mendelssohn]], [[Antonio Vivaldi|Vivaldi]], [[Jean-Marie Leclair|Leclair]], [[Johann Nepomuk Hummel|Hummel]], and [[Max Bruch|Bruch]]. The first four volumes have been recorded on two albums by [[William Preucil]], and the rest are available in separate albums. ===Cello=== The cello method is in ten volumes, with some early pieces arranged from the early violin volumes. The first piece unique to the cello repertoire is the second overall: "French Folk Song". The first four volumes have been performed by [[Tsuyoshi Tsutsumi]]. Volumes 4 to 10 contain works by composers such as [[Antonio Vivaldi|Vivaldi]], [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]], [[David Popper|Popper]], [[Breval]], [[Goltermann]], [[William Henry Squire|Squire]], [[Bach]], [[Maria Theresa von Paradis|Paradis]], [[Henry Eccles|Eccles]], [[Gabriel Fauré|Fauré]], [[Daniël van Goens|van Goens]], [[Sammartini]], [[Haydn]] and [[Boccherini]]. ===Piano=== The piano method is in seven volumes. The first volume begins with Variations on "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star" (as with the violin books) and continues with many folk songs and contemporary songs. As one progresses to the second volume, there are pieces written by [[classical period (music)|romantic, classical]] and [[baroque music|baroque]] composers, such as Schumann, [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]] and [[Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach]]. There are also many [[minuet]]s in the second book. The third book is early intermediate level with several sonatinas and beginning with Sonatina in C Major, Op. 36, No. 1 by [[Muzio Clementi]]. The fourth book includes [[Piano Sonatas Nos. 19 and 20 (Beethoven)|Sonata in G Major]], Op. 49, No. 2 by Ludwig van Beethoven and ends with three movements from the [[Partitas for keyboard (Bach)|Partita in B-flat]] by J.S. Bach. The fifth book begins with "[[Für Elise]]" by Beethoven and includes the Sonata in C Major, Hob. XVI/35 by Franz Joseph Haydn. The sixth book begins with the [[Piano Sonata No. 16 (Mozart)|Sonata in C Major]] by Mozart, and the seventh book begins with the [[Piano Sonata No. 11 (Mozart)|Sonata in A Major]] by Mozart. This book also includes "[[The Harmonious Blacksmith]]" by [[George Frideric Handel|Handel]] and the [[Romanian Folk Dances]] by [[Béla Bartók|Bartók]]. The New International Edition adds some more recent compositions to the books, such as the music of Béla Bartók. Revised versions of the piano books have now been published. The new volumes are collections of piano repertoire from all eras representing works by composers such as Mozart, Burgmüller, Beethoven, Bach, Tcherepnin, Tchaikovsky, Schumann, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Daquin, Grieg, Granados, Villa-Lobos, Scarlatti, Handel, Bartók, and Debussy. Many pieces from the original books remain; some have been moved to another volume. Book and CD combinations for the revised volumes 4 to 7 were performed by Japanese concert artist Seizo Azuma. ===Bass=== Currently there are five printed volumes in the [[double bass]] series, with the first three volumes also available on recordings. Nine volumes are planned and being compiled and edited by Dr. S Daniel Swaim (SAA, Chair), Virginia Dixon (SAA), Michael Fanelli (SAA), Domenick Fiore (SAA), and Eugene Rebeck (SAA). The first two volumes contain arrangements of the traditional Suzuki violin pieces mixed in with some new arrangements of other pieces. Volume 3 contains some new transcriptions of jazz, Gaelic, and folk songs; plus works by [[Handel]], [[François-Joseph Gossec|Gossec]], [[Beethoven]], [[Bach]], Webster, [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]], and [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák]]. Famous pieces include: "The Elephant" from [[Carnival of the Animals]] by Saint-Saëns, [[Ode to Joy]] by Beethoven, and "Largo" from the [[New World Symphony]] by Dvořák. ===Flute=== The flute repertoire was compiled and edited by Toshio Takahashi in fourteen volumes. It begins with [[Mary Had a Little Lamb]] and ends in the Flute Concerto by [[Otaka]]. Also included are concerti by [[Mozart]], [[Domenico Cimarosa|Cimarosa]], [[Ibert]] and [[Quantz]]. Students also study music by [[Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach]], [[Handel]], [[Michel Blavet|Blavet]], [[Gabriel Fauré|Fauré]] and other major composers. ===Recorder=== There are eight volumes of recorder repertoire for both soprano and alto recorder. The recorder repertoire shares some early repertoire with other instruments, such as "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" and several Bach Minuets. Later books delve into more complex Renaissance and Baroque music, including instruction in intense Baroque ornamentation along with 17th-century Dutch and Italian articulation techniques. ===Guitar=== The [[classical guitar]] repertoire was compiled through a collaborative process involving teachers from the United States, Europe and Australia, and edited by Frank Longay. The nine volumes begin with Twinkle Variations and many folk songs, and adds pieces originally written for the [[lute]] in the Renaissance, and spanning all musical time periods, including pieces by [[Gaspar Sanz|Sanz]], [[Antonio Vivaldi|Vivaldi]], [[Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach]], [[Matteo Carcassi|Carcassi]], [[Mauro Giuliani|Giuliani]], [[Fernando Sor|Sor]], [[Francisco Tárrega|Tarrega]], [[Isaac Albéniz|Albéniz]], [[Alonso Mudarra|Mudarra]], and Yocoh's [[Sakura Sakura|Sakura]] Variations. Music in book one is performed by Frank Longay and Bill Kossler, with books two through four recorded by Seth Himmelhoch, Andrew LaFrenier, and Louis Brown. George Sakellariou has recorded books five, six and seven and [[William Kanengiser]] recorded books 8 and 9, with the exception of [[Recuerdos de la Alhambra]] in book 9, which was recorded by [[Scott Tennant]]. ===Harp=== The harp repertoire is in five volumes. These books are suitable for learning to read and play music on the pedal harp or the lever harp (folk harp, Irish/Celtic harp, etc. that preferably has 30 or more strings). Most of the music is arrangements of either folk music or classical music. Students of the lever harp will find some of the pieces in the later books to have challenging lever changes. This series ultimately leads to more in-depth study of the pedal harp and its repertoire and teaches more of a classical style technique. Those pursuing traditional Celtic music can use this as a foundation, however, the traditional style of teaching focuses on relying on the ear rather than on the written note. Repertoire for volume six is selected, though the music is not published in a single book.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://suzukiharpinfo.com/whats-new-suzuki-harp/book-status/ | title=Book Status (12/14/16) » Suzuki Harp Info}}</ref> ===Voice=== The voice repertoire is in five Levels. Developed in Finland since 1986, the vocal repertoire of the Suzuki method has spread to over 20 countries including The United States, Australia, Europe, Asia and New Zealand. Teacher training courses are scheduled yearly in Europe, US and Australia. ===Organ=== The [[pipe organ]] repertoire was compiled and edited by Gunilla Rönnberg and Lars Hagström beginning in 1998. {{As of|2019}}, eight volumes have been published. {{As of|2011}}, an active Suzuki-training organ scheme is under way in the Australian city of [[Newcastle, New South Wales|Newcastle]].
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