Editing Synaptic plasticity (section)

==Short-term plasticity==
Short-term synaptic plasticity acts on a timescale of tens of milliseconds to a few minutes unlike long-term plasticity, which lasts from minutes to hours. Short-term plasticity can either strengthen or weaken a synapse.

===Synaptic enhancement===
Short-term synaptic enhancement results from an increased probability of synaptic terminals releasing transmitters in response to pre-synaptic action potentials. Synapses will strengthen for a short time because of an increase in the amount of packaged transmitter released in response to each action potential.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stevens CF, Wesseling JF | title = Augmentation is a potentiation of the exocytotic process | journal = Neuron | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 139–46 | date = January 1999 | pmid = 10027296 | doi = 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80685-6 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Depending on the time scales over which it acts synaptic enhancement is classified as [[neural facilitation]], [[synaptic augmentation]] or [[post-tetanic potentiation]].

===Synaptic depression===
[[Synaptic fatigue]] or depression is usually attributed to the depletion of the readily releasable vesicles. Depression can also arise from post-synaptic processes and from feedback activation of presynaptic receptors.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zucker RS, Regehr WG | title = Short-term synaptic plasticity | journal = Annual Review of Physiology | volume = 64 | pages = 355–405 | date = Mar 2002 | pmid = 11826273 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.physiol.64.092501.114547 | s2cid = 7980969 }}</ref>
[[Heterosynaptic plasticity|heterosynaptic]] depression is thought to be linked to the release of [[adenosine triphosphate]] (ATP) from [[astrocyte]]s.<ref name="Glia">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ben Achour S, Pascual O | title = Glia: the many ways to modulate synaptic plasticity | journal = Neurochemistry International | volume = 57 | issue = 4 | pages = 440–5 | date = November 2010 | pmid = 20193723 | doi = 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.02.013 | s2cid = 1718772 }}</ref>